“…Thus, HmfH provides an alternative to the nonspecific dehydrogenases that also perform these upper pathway oxidations in C. basilensis HMF14. Such nonspecific "furanic dehydrogenases" were also observed in P. putida S12, as well as in other microorganisms that cannot utilize furanic aldehydes for growth, probably serving to detoxify furanic aldehydes (31)(32)(33).…”
The toxic fermentation inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates pose significant problems for the production of second-generation biofuels and biochemicals. Among these inhibitors, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and furfural are specifically notorious. In this study, we describe the complete molecular identification and characterization of the pathway by which Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14 metabolizes HMF and furfural. The identification of this pathway enabled the construction of an HMF and furfural-metabolizing Pseudomonas putida. The genetic information obtained furthermore enabled us to predict the HMF and furfural degrading capabilities of sequenced bacterial species that had not previously been connected to furanic aldehyde metabolism. These results pave the way for in situ detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates, which is a major step toward improved efficiency of utilization of lignocellulosic feedstock.
“…Thus, HmfH provides an alternative to the nonspecific dehydrogenases that also perform these upper pathway oxidations in C. basilensis HMF14. Such nonspecific "furanic dehydrogenases" were also observed in P. putida S12, as well as in other microorganisms that cannot utilize furanic aldehydes for growth, probably serving to detoxify furanic aldehydes (31)(32)(33).…”
The toxic fermentation inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates pose significant problems for the production of second-generation biofuels and biochemicals. Among these inhibitors, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and furfural are specifically notorious. In this study, we describe the complete molecular identification and characterization of the pathway by which Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14 metabolizes HMF and furfural. The identification of this pathway enabled the construction of an HMF and furfural-metabolizing Pseudomonas putida. The genetic information obtained furthermore enabled us to predict the HMF and furfural degrading capabilities of sequenced bacterial species that had not previously been connected to furanic aldehyde metabolism. These results pave the way for in situ detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates, which is a major step toward improved efficiency of utilization of lignocellulosic feedstock.
“…Besides fungi, several bacteria and yeasts have been also used for detoxification purposes [10]. For instance, the thermophilic bacterium Ureibacillus thermophaercus was employed to remove furfural and 5-HMF and phenolic compounds from a waste house wood hydrolysate [43], increasing markedly the ethanol production rate by S. cerevisiae in a subsequent fermentation stage. The yeast S. cerevisiae has also the natural ability to assimilate some of these inhibitory compounds -mainly furfural, 5-HMF and aromatic aldehydes such as vanillin, syringaldehyde or 4-hydroxybenzaldehydeand convert them into less inhibitory forms [44,45].…”
Section: Detoxification Of Pretreated Materialsmentioning
Abstract:The continuous increase in the world energy and chemicals demand requires the development of sustainable alternatives to non-renewable sources of energy. Biomass facilities and biorefineries represent interesting options to gradually replace the present industry based on fossil fuels. Lignocellulose is the most promising feedstock to be used in biorefineries. From a sugar platform perspective, a wide range of fuels and chemicals can be obtained via microbial fermentation processes, being ethanol the most significant lignocellulose-derived fuel. Before fermentation, lignocellulose must be pretreated to overcome its inherent recalcitrant structure and obtain the fermentable sugars. Usually, harsh conditions are required for pretreatment of lignocellulose, producing biomass degradation and releasing different compounds that are inhibitors of the hydrolytic enzymes and fermenting microorganisms. Moreover, the lignin polymer that remains in pretreated materials also affects biomass conversion by limiting the enzymatic hydrolysis. The use of laccases has been considered as a very powerful tool for delignification and detoxification of pretreated lignocellulosic materials, boosting subsequent saccharification and fermentation processes. This review compiles the latest studies about the application of laccases as useful and environmentally friendly delignification and detoxification technology, highlighting the main challenges and possible ways to make possible the integration of these enzymes in future lignocellulose-based industries.
“…Trialkylamine [79] Liquid-solid extraction Activated carbon [80] Ion exchange [38,81] Lignin [82] Microbial treatment Coniochaeta ligniaria [83,84] Trichoderma reesei [33,85] Ureibacillus thermosphaericus [86] a The phenolics [89,90], furan aldehydes [91,92], and aliphatic acids [93,94]. Furthermore, overexpression of a transcription factor, Yap1 [95], and of multidrug-resistance proteins [95] has also generated hyperresistant S. cerevisiae transformants.…”
Section: Strategies To Counteract Inhibition Problemsmentioning
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