Biological Degradation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol by a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Khorsandi, Hassan; Ghochlavi, Nahid; Aghapour, Ali Ahmad

doi:10.1007/s40710-018-0333-4

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The presence of these compounds in water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, results in huge environmental pollution by industrial waste. Water bodies polluted by toxic and carcinogenic organic compounds pose a threat to aquatic organisms, plants, animals, and humans [3][4][5][6]. Besides, the accumulation of these dyes in aquatic species can lead to animal and human toxicity through the food chain [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Layered Double Hydroxide/TiO2 Photocatalysts for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Orange II

2020

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Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH)/TiO2 nanocomposites with photocatalytic properties were synthesized by both impregnation and the direct coprecipitation of LDH matrices using a colloidal suspension of TiO2 nanoparticles. While the two methods led to an efficient TiO2 nanoparticle immobilization, the direct coprecipitation allowed us to tune the amount of immobilized TiO2 within the materials. The LDH/TiO2 nanocomposites obtained were deeply characterized by chemical analysis (ICP-AES), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformed Infra-Red (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Clearly, the immobilization of TiO2 by direct coprecipitation promoted a modification of the textural properties and a net increase in the surface area. The crystallized TiO2 nanoparticles can be distinctly visualized by HRTEM at the surface of the layered material. Several parameters, such as the nature of the chemical composition of LDH (ZnAl and MgAl), the method of immobilization and the amount of TiO2, were shown to play a crucial role in the physicochemical and photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposites. The photocatalytic efficiency of the different LDH/TiO2 nanocomposites was investigated using the photodegradation of a model pollutant, the Orange II (OII), and was compared to a pure TiO2 colloidal solution. The degradation tests revealed that the nanocomposite obtained from MgAl LDH at a low MgAl LDH/TiO2 ratio was the most efficient for the photodegradation of OII leading to complete mineralization in 48 h.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Layered Double Hydroxide/TiO2 Photocatalysts for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Orange II

2020

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“…Specifically, biological treatments have been inefficient because 2,4,6-trichlorophenol is a molecule resistant to biodegradation, as well as being toxic to microorganisms. Physicochemical treatments such as thermal treatment and adsorption have the disadvantage of generating other dangerous compounds as a result of decomposition or generating residues with high concentrations of the contaminant, respectively [26][27][28][29][30]. Therefore, it is feasible to think of advanced oxidation processes as a more effective alternative for the destruction of this pollutant, such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide, photocatalysts, and even combinations of these.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol by MgO–MgFe2O4 Derived from Layered Double Hydroxide Structures

et al. 2019

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In recent years, the search for solutions for the treatment of water pollution by toxic compounds such as phenols and chlorophenols has been increasing. Phenols and their derivatives are widely used in the manufacture of pesticides, insecticides, paper, and wood preservers, among other things. Chlorophenols are partially biodegradable but not directly photodegradable by sunlight and are extremely toxic—especially 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, which is considered to be potentially carcinogenic. As a viable proposal to be applied in the treatment of water contaminated with 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, this paper presents an application study of the thermally activated Mg/Fe layered double hydroxides as photocatalysts for the mineralization of this contaminant. Activated Mg/Fe layered double hydroxides were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, N2 physisorption, and scanning electron microscopy with X-ray dispersive energy. The results of the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in aqueous solution showed good photocatalytic activity, with an efficiency of degradation of up to 93% and mineralization of 82%; degradation values which are higher than that of TiO2-P25, which only reached 18% degradation. The degradation capacity is attributed to the structure of the MgO–MgFe2O4 oxides derived from double laminate hydroxide Mg/Fe. A path of degradation based on a mechanism of superoxide and hollow radicals is proposed.

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“…Different methods have been studied to remove TCP from water and wastewater (Gaya et al, 2010;Joseph et al, 2011;Ding et al, 2016;Olu-Owolabi et al, 2017;Liang et al, 2022). To degrade and remove TCP from aquatic environments, it is necessary to use efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly treatment methods such as biological treatment processes (Aghapour et al, 2013a;Aghapour et al, 2013b;Aghapour et al, 2015;Azubuike et al, 2016;Salgot et al, 2016;Khorsandi et al, 2018;Khorsandi et al, 2020;Rezaei et al, 2022b). In biological processes, biomass can acclimate and degrade organic compounds due to the production of different enzymes (Aghapour et al, 2013a;Aghapour et al, 2013b;Aghapour et al, 2015;Khorsandi et al, 2018;Khorsandi et al, 2020;Rezaei et al, 2022b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To degrade and remove TCP from aquatic environments, it is necessary to use efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly treatment methods such as biological treatment processes (Aghapour et al, 2013a;Aghapour et al, 2013b;Aghapour et al, 2015;Azubuike et al, 2016;Salgot et al, 2016;Khorsandi et al, 2018;Khorsandi et al, 2020;Rezaei et al, 2022b). In biological processes, biomass can acclimate and degrade organic compounds due to the production of different enzymes (Aghapour et al, 2013a;Aghapour et al, 2013b;Aghapour et al, 2015;Khorsandi et al, 2018;Khorsandi et al, 2020;Rezaei et al, 2022b). Compared to other ways, biological processes require less cost, more straightforward operation, and better and more reliable performance (El-Naas et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, the study with stabilized microbial species shows that sequential anaerobicaerobic processes effectively degrade TCP (Gardin et al, 2001). The SBR with a combined anaerobic-aerobic operation process is also considered a suitable decomposition process for removing industrially resistant compounds such as chlorinated aromatic compounds (Chan et al, 2009;Aghapour et al, 2013a;Aghapour et al, 2013b;Aghapour et al, 2015;Khorsandi et al, 2018;Khorsandi et al, 2020;Rezaei et al, 2022b). Due to the high toxicity of 2-4-6 Trichlorophenol, it is necessary to conduct additional studies on the biodegradation of this compound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of 2-4-6 trichlorophenol by sequencing batch reactors (SBR) equipped with a rotating biological bed and operated in an anaerobic-aerobic condition

Ghochlavi

Aghapour²

2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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2-4-6 Trichlorophenol (TCP) is toxic, carcinogenic, and resistant to biodegradation. In this study, a rotating biological bed (RBB) was used to improve the efficiency of Sequencing batch reactors (SBR), and it was operated in sequential anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Biofilm growth on media of rotating biological bed was also confirmed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In this study, the effect of 2-4-6 trichlorophenol concentration (5–430 mg/L), hydraulic retention time (HRT) (12–30 h), the number of operating cycles per day (6–12 cycles/d), the type of combination of anaerobic and aerobic processes and the presence of a rotating biological bed and its rotation were studied. SBR equipped with a rotating biological bed (SBR-RBB) with the sequential anaerobic-aerobic operation in optimal operating conditions (TCP: 430 mg/L, cycles/d: 8, and HRT: 6 h) can remove nearly 100% of TCP and more than 95% of TP and COD. The role of the presence of an RBB in removing TCP, TP, and COD was 7, 20, and 23%, respectively. The role of rotation of RBB also was 23%, 10, 21, and 62%, respectively. So, SBR-RBB, with the sequential anaerobic-aerobic operation, was able to remove higher concentrations of TCP (430 mg/L) in a shorter HRT (6 h) with higher efficiency (nearly 100%) compared to previous studies. Therefore, for the first time in this study, the biological treatment of 430 mg/L of TCP is reported by a biological process.

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Biological Degradation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol by a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Porous Layered Double Hydroxide/TiO2 Photocatalysts for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Orange II

Porous Layered Double Hydroxide/TiO2 Photocatalysts for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Orange II

Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol by MgO–MgFe2O4 Derived from Layered Double Hydroxide Structures

Biodegradation of 2-4-6 trichlorophenol by sequencing batch reactors (SBR) equipped with a rotating biological bed and operated in an anaerobic-aerobic condition

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