Biological Conversion of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid (Pstvd) Rna Into Noninfectious Entity by a Single Base Substitution in Nicotiana Benthamiana Var Domin

First report of potato spindle tuber viroid isolated from pepper seeds produced in Vietnam

“…Although PSTVd was originally reported in North America, it has spread to Africa, Asia, Europe, and South America (Smith et al 1997). In recent years, PSTVd has been identi ed in several countries, and new viroids are being continuously discovered (Kinoga et al 2021;Matsushita et al 2021;Sial and Khan 2018).…”

“…The genus Pospiviroid in the family Pospiviroidae consists of nine species, of which one is the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) (Full ICTV Report on the Genus Pospiviroid; https://ictv.global/report/chapter/pospiviroidae/pospiviroidae/pospiviroid).Although PSTVd was originally reported in North America, it has spread to Africa, Asia, Europe, and South America (Smith et al 1997). In recent years, PSTVd has been identi ed in several countries, and new viroids are being continuously discovered (Kinoga et al 2021;Matsushita et al 2021;Sial and Khan 2018).PSTVd infects various host plants and causes stunting, leaf chlorosis, leaf epinasty, fruit distortion, and stem and leaf necrosis in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) and potatoes (S. tuberosum) (Hadidi et al 2003;Singh et al 2003). Viroids spread mechanically through plant sap, grafting, and transmission through seeds and pollen (Matsushita et al 2018).…”