Biological control of weeds: research by the United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service: selected case studies

Quimby, P. C.; DeLoach, C. J.; Wineriter, Susan A.; Goolsby, John A.; Sobhian, R.; Boyette, C. Douglas; Abbas, Hamed K.

doi:10.1002/ps.700

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Control requires continued maintenance of a restored site to prevent reinvasion, and so far saltcedar has not been controlled on a large scale along any of the major western rivers (Zouhar, 2003). Today, a beetle from the plant's native habitat is being tested as a possible biocontrol agent (DeLoach et al, 1996;Lewis et al, 2003;Quimby et al, 2003). This could potentially allow saltcedar to be controlled along much larger areas of river.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative ecophysiology of Tamarix ramosissima and native trees in western U.S. riparian zones

Glenn

Nagler

2005

Journal of Arid Environments

204

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Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative ecophysiology of Tamarix ramosissima and native trees in western U.S. riparian zones

Glenn

Nagler

2005

Journal of Arid Environments

204

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“…, 2005). Aerial and ground herbicide spraying, bulldozing, root‐ploughing, burning and biocontrol insects all have been used to control its spread and dominance (Taylor & McDaniel, 1998; McDaniel & Taylor, 2003; Quimby et al. , 2003; Dudley & DeLoach, 2004; Hart et al.…”

Section: Riparian Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of low‐flow and high‐flow characteristics to restoration of riparian vegetation along rivers in arid south‐western United States

et al. 2007

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Environmental Services, Salt River Project, Tempe, AZ, U.S.A. SUMMARY 1. Riparian vegetation in dry regions is influenced by low-flow and high-flow components of the surface and groundwater flow regimes. The duration of no-flow periods in the surface stream controls vegetation structure along the low-flow channel, while depth, magnitude and rate of groundwater decline influence phreatophytic vegetation in the floodplain. Flood flows influence vegetation along channels and floodplains by increasing water availability and by creating ecosystem disturbance. 2. On reference rivers in Arizona's Sonoran Desert region, the combination of perennial stream flows, shallow groundwater in the riparian (stream) aquifer, and frequent flooding results in high plant species diversity and landscape heterogeneity and an abundance of pioneer wetland plant species in the floodplain. Vegetation changes on hydrologically altered river reaches are varied, given the great extent of flow regime changes ranging from stream and aquifer dewatering on reaches affected by stream diversion and groundwater pumping to altered timing, frequency, and magnitude of flood flows on reaches downstream of flow-regulating dams. 3. As stream flows become more intermittent, diversity and cover of herbaceous species along the low-flow channel decline. As groundwater deepens, diversity of riparian plant species (particularly perennial species) and landscape patches are reduced and species composition in the floodplain shifts from wetland pioneer trees (Populus, Salix) to more drought-tolerant shrub species including Tamarix (introduced) and Bebbia. 4. On impounded rivers, changes in flood timing can simplify landscape patch structure and shift species composition from mixed forests composed of Populus and Salix, which have narrow regeneration windows, to the more reproductively opportunistic Tamarix. If flows are not diverted, suppression of flooding can result in increased density of riparian vegetation, leading in some cases to very high abundance of Tamarix patches. Coarsening of sediments in river reaches below dams, associated with sediment retention in reservoirs, contributes to reduced cover and richness of herbaceous vegetation by reducing water and nutrient-holding capacity of soils. 5. These changes have implications for river restoration. They suggest that patch diversity, riparian plant species diversity, and abundance of flood-dependent wetland tree species such as Populus and Salix can be increased by restoring fluvial dynamics on floodsuppressed rivers and by increasing water availability in rivers subject to water diversion or withdrawal. On impounded rivers, restoration of plant species diversity also may hinge on restoration of sediment transport. 651 6. Determining the causes of vegetation change is critical for determining riparian restoration strategies. Of the many riparian restoration efforts underway in south-western United States, some focus on re-establishing hydrogeomorphic processes by restoring appropriate flows of surface water,...

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“…Biological control of teasel represents one available option. Because of the species-speciWc nature of biological control, where candidate agents are chosen after extensive hostspeciWcity testing, it can be an eVective option while minimizing eVects on non-target species (Quimby et al, 2003). Biological control is a particularly attractive option for teasels in North America because of the close phylogenetic relationship between the two invasive teasel species, D. fullonum and D. laciniatus, as well as the absence of any economically important or native American members of the family Dipsacaceae.…”

Section: Management Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for biological control of teasels, Dipsacus spp., a new target in the United States

Rector¹,

Harizanova

Sforza³

et al. 2006

Biological Control

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Two closely related teasels (Dipsacales: Dipsacaceae, Dipsacus spp.) of European origin have become invasive weeds in the United States. Common teasel (Dipsacus fullonum L.) and cutleaf teasel (Dipsacus laciniatus L.) have likely been in North America for more than two centuries, having been introduced along with cultivated teasel [D. sativus (L.) Honckney], an obsolete crop plant. There are few records of American insects or pathogens attacking Dipsacus spp. Invasive teasels have recently begun to spread rapidly throughout much of their current range, for reasons that are not yet known. Common and/or cut-leaf teasel have been listed as noxious in Wve US states and as invasive in 12 other states and four national parks. Because the family Dipsacaceae is an exclusively Old World family, classical biological control is an important component of the overall management strategy of this weed in the US. Field surveys for natural enemies of D. fullonum and D. laciniatus in their native ranges and literature reviews of natural enemies of plants in the family Dipsacaceae have yielded 102 species of insects in six orders, as well as 27 fungi from 10 orders, three mites, one nematode, and two viruses. Due to the biennial nature of these weeds, a strategy to assign highest priority to biological control candidates attacking Wrst-year (rosette) plants has been established. Candidates selected for further study based on this strategy include Chromatomyia ramosa (Hendel) (Diptera: Agromyzidae), Longitarsus strigicollis Wollaston (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Epitrimerus knautiae Liro (Acarina: Eriophyiidae), Euphydryas desfontainii (Godart) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), Erysiphe knautiae Duby (Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae), and Sphaerotheca dipsacearum (Tul. and C. Tul.) (Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae).

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Biological control of weeds: research by the United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service: selected case studies

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Comparative ecophysiology of Tamarix ramosissima and native trees in western U.S. riparian zones

Comparative ecophysiology of Tamarix ramosissima and native trees in western U.S. riparian zones

Importance of low‐flow and high‐flow characteristics to restoration of riparian vegetation along rivers in arid south‐western United States

Prospects for biological control of teasels, Dipsacus spp., a new target in the United States

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