Biological control of the purple blotch of onion caused by<i>Alternaria porri</i>(Ellis) Ciferri

Dube, V. P.; Charaya, M. U.

doi:10.1080/09670879009371517

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Saprotrophic leaf surface fungi perform key ecological roles in the plant, mainly related to natural control of A. porri (Fokkema and Lorbeer ; Tyagi et al. ). Endophytic fungi are those that live in the interior of apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this respect, Trichoderma has been reported as leaf surface fungi (Elad et al 2002;Osono and Mori 2005) and endophytes (Naik et al 2009;Lahlali and Hijri 2010) for many plants. Saprotrophic leaf surface fungi perform key ecological roles in the plant, mainly related to natural control of A. porri (Fokkema and Lorbeer 1974;Tyagi et al 1990). Endophytic fungi are those that live in the interior of apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts.…”

Section: Hyphae Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation of Trichoderma and Evaluation of their Antagonistic Potential against Alternaria porri

Abo-Elyousr

Abdel‐Hafez

Abdel-Rahim

2014

Journal of Phytopathology

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Nine isolates of Trichoderma were collected from Assiut Governorate, Egypt, as leaf surface and endophytic fungi associated with onion flora stalks. Four isolates were identified as Trichoderma harzianum, while five isolates were belonging to Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The antagonistic activity of these isolates against onion purple blotch pathogen Alternaria porri was studied in vitro using dual culture assay. All tested Trichoderma isolates showed mycoparasitic activity and competitive capability against the mycelial growth of A. porri. Mycoparastic activity of Trichoderma was manifested morphologically by the overgrowth upon the mycelial growth of the pathogen and microscopically by production of coiling hyphae around pathogen hyphae. Isolates of T. harzianum exhibited high ability to compete on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium causing the maximum rate of pathogen inhibition (73.12%), while isolates of T. longibrachiatum showed inhibition rate equalling 70.3%. Chitinase activity of Trichoderma was assayed, and T. harzianum Th‐3013 showed the maximum value contributing 2.69 U/min. Application of T. harzianum Th‐3013 to control purple blotch disease in vivo under greenhouse conditions caused disease reduction up to 52.3 and 79.9% before and after 48 h of pathogen inoculation, respectively, while the fungicide Ridomil Gold Plus caused disease reduction comprising 56.5 and 71.7%, respectively. This study proved that T. harzianum Th‐3013 as a biocontrol agent showed significant reduction in onion purple blotch disease compared with the tested fungicide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hyphae Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Trichoderma and Evaluation of their Antagonistic Potential against Alternaria porri

Abo-Elyousr

Abdel‐Hafez

Abdel-Rahim

2014

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…The bioefficacy of T. harzianum (Th-3 and Th-30), T. viride (Tv-12 and Tv-15), Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pf-3) and Bacillus subtilis (BS-1) was confirmed with volatile and non-volatile compound production. In vitro study showed that Cladosporium herbarum was not effective against A. porri thus, contradicting the report of 66.6% reduction in A. porri infection with cladosporium herbarum associated with the phyllosphere of the onion plant (Tyagi et al, 1990). The Trichoderma species revealed the pathogen on PDA medium may be through diffusible antibiotics production, mycoparasitism, siderophore formation (Park, 1960).…”

Section: Effects Of Antagonist On Radial Growth Of the Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Biological control of plant pathogens through antagonistic microorganisms is eco-friendly and a sustainable approach apart from the best alternative to the use of fungicides. Inhibitory effect of Trichoderma species viz., T. harzianum, T. pseudokoningii and T. virens on mycelial growth and spore germination of A. porri by using liquid cultural filtrates was extensively studied by (Imtiaj & Lee, 2008;Tyagi et al, 1990) evaluated species of Penicillium, Aureobasidium pullulans, Sporobolomyces roseus and Crytococcus luteolus against Alternaria porri and found them effective in inhabiting growth of the pathogen. P. fluorescens (Pf1), Bacillus subtilis and T. viride were tested alone and in combination for suppression of onion leaf blight (Alternaria palandui) disease under glasshouse and field conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma harzianum (Th-3) a Potential Strain to Manage the Purple Blotch of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Caused by Alternaria porri under North Indian Plains

Prakasam¹,

Sharma²

2012

JAS

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Purple blotch of onion by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Neerg. causes heavy yield loss in both bulb and seed crops. Using biocontrol agent to manage the disease is one of the most important approaches for successful disease management and sustainable onion production. For the development of bioagents based strategy seventeen isolates of fungal and six isolates of bacterial bioagents obtained from different sources were tested for their bioefficacy against A. porri. Effective isolates (Th-3, Th-30, Tv-12, Tv-15, Pf-3 and Bs-2) were selected and tested for volatile and non-volatile metabolites production and vigour induction under in vitro. Trichoderma harzianum isolate (Th-3) expressed high level of disease reduction and growth promotion in susceptible onion (cv. Pusa Red) when different methods viz., seed treatment, seedling dip and three foliar sprays were evaluated on onion bulb crop under glass house and field conditions. Field experiments (2008-2010) on onion seed crop also confirmed the potential of Th-3 isolate on disease suppression and growth promotion.

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“…The phyllosphere and phylloplane of the surface of plant leaves are a complex terrestrial habitat characterised by a variety of microorganisms including bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts, which play a vital role in health of biological systems (Pandey et al 1993). Saprotrophic leaf surface fungi perform key ecological roles in the plant, mainly related to natural control of plant pathogens (Fokkema & Lorbeer 1974, Tyagi et al 1990. Endophytic fungi are those which live in the interior of apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf surface and endophytic fungi associated with onion leaves and their antagonistic activity against Alternaria porri.

Abdel‐Hafez¹,

Abo-Elyousr²,

Abdel-Rahim³

2015

Czech Mycol.

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Sixty-eight fungal species belonging to 29 genera were isolated as leaf surface and endophytic fungi from healthy and purple blotch diseased onion leaves. The fungal populations associated with diseased onion leaves (1.360 × 10 3 CFU/g leaf in the phyllosphere, 2.614 CFU/leaf segment in the phylloplane and 1.324 CFU/leaf segment in the surface-sterilised diseased leaves) were higher than those in healthy samples (0.804 × 10 3 CFU in the phyllosphere, 1.184 CFU in the phylloplane, and 0.35 CFU as endophytes). Endophytic fungi of healthy leaves were represented by 12 genera and 15 species, while fungi of surface-sterilised diseased leaves included 17 species from 13 genera. The mycobiota associated with surface-sterilised diseased leaves were different from the endophytic fungi of healthy samples, whereas the disease may stimulate colonisation of opportunistic fungi causing secondary infections such as Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium spp. In contrast, healthy leaves were a source of antagonistic endophytic fungi such as Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningii. Testing the antagonistic effect of 91 fungal isolates against Alternaria porri showed that nine isolates of Trichoderma produced the highest suppressive potential (73.1%) depending on competition and mycoparasitism. Epicoccum nigrum and Penicillium oxalicum exhibited antibiosis against A. porri producing a 12 mm broad inhibition zone. In conclusion, the quantitative and qualitative compositions of fungi associated with onion leaves were distinctly influenced by A. porri infection. Mycobiota associated with asymptomatic onion leaves such as Epicoccum nigrum, Penicillium oxalicum and Trichoderma harzianum are a natural source of eco-friendly bioagents. They showed an effective antagonistic potential against A. porri, and may thus be applied as an alternative to fungicides.

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Biological control of the purple blotch of onion caused byAlternaria porri(Ellis) Ciferri

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Isolation of Trichoderma and Evaluation of their Antagonistic Potential against Alternaria porri

Isolation of Trichoderma and Evaluation of their Antagonistic Potential against Alternaria porri

Trichoderma harzianum (Th-3) a Potential Strain to Manage the Purple Blotch of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Caused by Alternaria porri under North Indian Plains

Leaf surface and endophytic fungi associated with onion leaves and their antagonistic activity against Alternaria porri.

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