Biological control of nematodes infecting eggplant in Egypt

Abd-Elgawad, Mahfouz M. M.

doi:10.1186/s42269-020-00463-0

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Therefore, prior to cultivation, soil must be examined for pathogenic organisms. Abd-Elgawad (2021) and Renčo et al (2021) confirmed the wide availability and pathogenic effect of these nematodes along with other species of nematodes.…”

Section: Effect Of Rhizosphere On Ocimum Plantsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Harnessing the Potential of Roots of Traditional Power Plant: Ocimum

2021

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Genus Ocimum of Labiatae is well known in all traditional medicinal systems like Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. The pharmaceutical activities of different species of Ocimum attributed to all plant parts. Roots are the most significant vital organ of the plant, as they absorb water and nutrients from soil and transport to aerial parts of the plants. Roots of Ocimum were found helpful with free-radical scavenging activity to improve physical and mental strength as well as to treat diabetes, malaria, and liver problems. Antibacterial activity of Ocimum roots and its main component, rosmarinic acid, is very beneficial to protect against several human pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. Being so important in every way, roots of Ocimum need healthy rhizosphere. Bacteria, fungi, nematodes, types of soil, fungicide, pesticides, salt, radioactive elements, as well as heavy metal contaminations, affect roots and overall growth of Ocimum in positive or negative ways. Each component of rhizosphere (natural, treatment or contamination) affects the roots, which highlights current ecological scenario to discover biosafe and more productive approaches. For such prestigious organ of Ocimum, development of in vitro root cultures and hairy root cultures assists to reduce the efforts and timing of the traditional cultivation process along with elimination of negative factors in rhizosphere. Different strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes, various media compositions, as well as discrete treatments, like elicitors, on nonidentical species or cultivars of Ocimum boost the root induction, biomass, and accumulation of phytoceuticals differently. Hairy roots and in vitro roots of Ocimum accumulate higher quantity of therapeutic metabolites. These metabolites include several phenolics (like rosmarinic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, chicoric acid, and lithospermic acid), triterpenes (such as betulinic acid, 3-epimaslinic acid, alphitolic acid, euscaphic acids, oleanolic acid, and ursolic acid) as well as flavonoids (flavones, flavonols, and dihydroflavonols). This review highlights pharmaceutical applications of Ocimum roots, a great deal of rhizosphere components and in vitro culturing techniques to enhance biomass as well as chief phytoceuticals.

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Section: Effect Of Rhizosphere On Ocimum Plantsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Harnessing the Potential of Roots of Traditional Power Plant: Ocimum

2021

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“… + The rates are evenly applied to the soil (except oxamyl for foliar application). In some cases, these rates may be incorporated into potting mix, field soil, or applied in greenhouses for which other doses may be used according to the manufacturer’s product labels on different crops [ 47 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Safe Approaches to Manage Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Abd-Elgawad

2021

Plants

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Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) infect and cause substantial yield losses of many foods, feed, and fiber crops. Increasing concern over chemical nematicides has increased interest in safe alternative methods to minimize these losses. This review focuses on the use and potential of current methods such as biologicals, botanicals, non-host crops, and related rotations, as well as modern techniques against PPNs in sustainable agroecosystems. To evaluate their potential for control, this review offers overviews of their interactions with other biotic and abiotic factors from the standpoint of PPN management. The positive or negative roles of specific production practices are assessed in the context of integrated pest management. Examples are given to reinforce PPN control and increase crop yields via dual-purpose, sequential, and co-application of agricultural inputs. The involved PPN control mechanisms were reviewed with suggestions to optimize their gains. Using the biologicals would preferably be backed by agricultural conservation practices to face issues related to their reliability, inconsistency, and slow activity against PPNs. These practices may comprise offering supplementary resources, such as adequate organic matter, enhancing their habitat quality via specific soil amendments, and reducing or avoiding negative influences of pesticides. Soil microbiome and planted genotypes should be manipulated in specific nematode-suppressive soils to conserve native biologicals that serve to control PPNs. Culture-dependent techniques may be expanded to use promising microbial groups of the suppressive soils to recycle in their host populations. Other modern techniques for PPN control are discussed to maximize their efficient use.

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“…Interestingly, on many economically important crops, the costs of controlling plant parasitic nematodes with these inexpensively produced bacteria [ 90 ] would generally be more economical than using common chemical nematicides, such as Cadusafos and Oxamyl. This is evidenced by the reported costs of using such chemicals on tomatoes [ 110 ], pepper [ 111 ], potatoes [ 112 ], and eggplant [ 113 ]. In addition, the application of Photorhabdus bacteria may also score a two-fold goal, i.e., control of the plant pathogens and insect pests simultaneously.…”

Section: Pros and Cons Of Photorhabdus Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photorhabdus spp.: An Overview of the Beneficial Aspects of Mutualistic Bacteria of Insecticidal Nematodes

Abd-Elgawad

2021

Plants

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The current approaches to sustainable agricultural development aspire to use safer means to control pests and pathogens. Photorhabdus bacteria that are insecticidal symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes in the genus Heterorhabditis can provide such a service with a treasure trove of insecticidal compounds and an ability to cope with the insect immune system. This review highlights the need of Photorhabdus-derived insecticidal, fungicidal, pharmaceutical, parasiticidal, antimicrobial, and toxic materials to fit into current, or emerging, holistic strategies, mainly for managing plant pests and pathogens. The widespread use of these bacteria, however, has been slow, due to cost, natural presence within the uneven distribution of their nematode partners, and problems with trait stability during in vitro culture. Yet, progress has been made, showing an ability to overcome these obstacles via offering affordable mass production and mastered genome sequencing, while detecting more of their beneficial bacterial species/strains. Their high pathogenicity to a wide range of arthropods, efficiency against diseases, and versatility, suggest future promising industrial products. The many useful properties of these bacteria can facilitate their integration with other pest/disease management tactics for crop protection.

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Biological control of nematodes infecting eggplant in Egypt

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Harnessing the Potential of Roots of Traditional Power Plant: Ocimum

Harnessing the Potential of Roots of Traditional Power Plant: Ocimum

Optimizing Safe Approaches to Manage Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Photorhabdus spp.: An Overview of the Beneficial Aspects of Mutualistic Bacteria of Insecticidal Nematodes

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