Biological control of indigenous African stemborers: What do we know?

Conlong, Des E.

doi:10.1017/s1742758400008341

Cited by 15 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…This figure excludes losses due to earlier than optimum harvesting of sugarcane, a management tactic imposed to prevent borer populations reaching economically damaging levels. Eldana saccharina is indigenous to Africa and occurs in a range of host plants, including numerous wetland sedges, grasses and the graminaceous crops sugarcane, maize, sorghum, millet and rice (Conlong 2001). Research on integrated management of the pest has focussed on cultivar resistance (Keeping and Rutherford 2004; Keeping 2006), biological control (Conlong 2001), chemical control (Leslie 2003) and crop management (Carnegie 1982; Leslie and Way 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon‐mediated resistance of sugarcane to Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): effects of silicon source and cultivar

Keeping¹,

Meyer²

2006

J Applied Entomology

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The effects of four silicon sources -a USA calcium silicate, a local (South African) calcium silicate, Slagment Ò and fly ash -on the resistance of sugarcane cultivars (two resistant and two susceptible) to Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were studied in a potted sugarcane trial. Silicon sources were applied at 5000 or 10 000 kg/ha for the calcium silicates and Slagment; fly ash was applied at 15 000 or 30 000 kg/ha. The greatest increase in plant silicon content (particularly in stalks) was recorded for plants treated with local calcium silicate. Silicon uptake did not vary significantly between the susceptible and resistant cultivars, although the resistant cultivars had inherently higher silicon content than the susceptible ones. Treatment with silicon significantly reduced borer damage and borer performance at the higher treatment level. In general, borer damage and performance decreased with increasing rates of applied silicon and both variables were inversely related with per cent stalk silicon. On average, the higher silicon rate reduced damage by 34% in the susceptible cultivars and by 26% in the resistant cultivars, supporting the argument that susceptible cultivars benefit more from silicon treatments than resistant ones. We propose that calcium silicate amendments could be employed in the integrated, area-wide management of E. saccharina and in the management of soil acidity, both of which are widespread problems in the South African sugar industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon‐mediated resistance of sugarcane to Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): effects of silicon source and cultivar

Keeping¹,

Meyer²

2006

J Applied Entomology

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“…(), in some year, the infestation percentage of B. segeta was much higher than the major stem borer pest, B. fusca . Similarly, E. saccharina is a serious pest of sugarcane in southern African countries (Conlong, ; Mazodze & Conlong, ). Even if they are not yet recorded from cultivated plants in Ethiopia, with the loss of natural habitats these species together with other stem borers that are currently limited to wild hosts may have the potential to shift to cultivated plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and abundance of lepidopteran stem borers and their host plants in Ethiopia

Goftishu

Assefa

Niba

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

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Lepidopteran stem borers are among the most important insect pests of maize, sorghum and sugarcane in sub‐Saharan Africa. Except for Chilo partellus, the other stem borer pests in Ethiopia are indigenous to Africa and are assumed to have coevolved with some native grasses and sedges in the natural habitat. In addition to pest species, natural habitats harbour diverse non‐economic stem borer species, some of which are new to science. However, with the growing threats to natural habitats, some non‐economic stem borer species may switch or expand their host ranges to include cultivated crops and evolve as “new” pests. Besides host switch, some of the unknown species currently limited to natural habitats may disappear. We examined the diversity, abundance and interactions of lepidopteran stem borers and their wild host plants in five different vegetation mosaics in Ethiopia. The stem borer species diversity varied among vegetation mosaics and host plants. Forty‐four stem borer species belonging to 14 different genera in the families of Noctuidae, Crambidae, Pyralidae and Tortricidae were recorded from 34 wild host plants and through light trap. Among these families, Noctuidae was the highest in species richness in which 31 species were identified, out of which 15 species and two genera were new to science. This paper discusses the ecological interpretation of host plant–stem borer species interactions, particularly in relation to habitat disturbances.

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“…Various methods have been proposed for the control of E. saccharina in sugarcane (Carnegie, 1981;Heathcote, 1984;Conlong, 2001;Keeping and Rutherford, 2004;Webster et al, 2005). Although contributing towards suppression, none of these have proven successful in preventing E. saccharina infestations.…”

Section: Description Of Host Plant and Pest Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of heterogeneous agricultural landscapes in the suppression of pest species following random walk dispersal patterns

Potgieter

Vuuren

Conlong

2015

Ecological Modelling

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Biological control of indigenous African stemborers: What do we know?

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Silicon‐mediated resistance of sugarcane to Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): effects of silicon source and cultivar

Silicon‐mediated resistance of sugarcane to Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): effects of silicon source and cultivar

Diversity and abundance of lepidopteran stem borers and their host plants in Ethiopia

The role of heterogeneous agricultural landscapes in the suppression of pest species following random walk dispersal patterns

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