Biological control of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. (Fomes annosus) in Finland

Abstract

Fresh stumps of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were inoculated with Peniophora gigantea (Fr.) Massee, Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr., Gliocladium deliquescens Sopp, Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fr. ex S. F. Gray aggr. and Verticicladiella procera Kendrick in order to study their effect on infection by Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. The organisms colonizing spruce stumps under natural conditions were identified by collecting samples in the field. In addition, the effect of season of the year, air temperature, precipitation and relative air temperature on fungal colonization of the stumps was investigated.

Effects of Biological and Chemical Treatments against Heterobasidion annosum on the Microfungal Communities of Picea abies Stumps

“…Species of the genus Cylindrocarpon have been reported on Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Fagus sylvatica (Rayner 1977a), and on Abies alba stumps (Mugnai and Capretti 1987) and species of the genus Phoma on Picea abies (Kiarik andRennerfelt 1957, Nicolotti andVarese 1996), Pinus sylvestris (Kaarik and Rennerfelt 1957) and Abies alba (Mugnai and Capretti 1987). Species of the genus Graphium and the relative teleomorphs have been reported on Picea abies (Kaarik andRennerfelt 1957, Kallio andHallaksela 1979), Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra var. have been observed on Picea abies (Kaarik and Rennerfelt 1957) and Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra var.…”

“…Marked reduction of Picea abies stump fungi had been described by Kallio and Hallaksela (1979) in their successful use of T viride against H. annosum. It may be supposed that T harzianum's high saprotrophic capacity and its adaptation to the low forest temperatures encourages its complete colonization of the stumps and drastically reduced the fungal diversity.…”

Evict or infect? Managing populations of the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis, using a bottom–up and top–down approach

“…Julich (Basidiomycete). A number of other fungi including Trichoderma species (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) have also been considered (Berglund et al, 2005;Holdenrieder and Greig, 1998;Nicolotti and Varese, 1996;Kallio and Hallaksela, 1979). Trichoderma species are cosmopolitan in soil and on decaying wood.…”

Colonization of Phellinus weirii‐infested stumps by Trichoderma viride 1. Effect of isolate and inoculum base

“…Bref, (RISHBETH 1979). Species of Trichoderma prevent invasion of spruce stumps by H. annosum, at least seasonally (KALLIO and HALLAKSELA 1979;RICARD 1977), Tree wounds can be protected frotn invasion by wood destroying futigi if they are inoculated with Trichoderma viride Pers,: Fr, with mixtures of other Trichoderma spp. (MERCER 1982), or with Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (SMITH et al, 1981), Silver leaf, caused by Chondrostereum purpureum (Fr,) Pouz, can be prevented by inoculation of pruning wound with antagonists; inoculum is commercially available in Europe (COOK and BAKER 1983), RICARD (1970), though able to establish Trichoderma alhum {Trichoderma polysporum (Link: Pers,) Rif,] in two sound spruce logs, was unable to establish the antagonist in a similar log decayed by H. annosum.…”