Biological control of Fomes annosus by Peniophora gigantea

Abstract

Fomes annosus is the most important root pathogen in British forestry. In pine erops, F. annosus is often chedicd when stumps are naturally colonised by Peniophora gigantea. Experimental inoculation of stumps with P. gigantea rccUiced infeetion by F. annosus in first rotation crops and was as effective as chemical stump treatments. In severely diseased pine crops, P. gigantea inoculation reduced but did not eliminate F. annosus. P. gigantea is produced commercially and is used in many pine forests in Britain.

Effects of season and urea treatment on infection of stumps of Picea abies by Heterobasidion annosum in stands on former arable land

“…Various chemicals have been tested, either to prevent fungal infections in general (by covering the surfaces or acting as toxin) or to favour competing fungi such as fast-growing non-pathogenic moulds (Rishbeth 1959, Yde-Andersen 1962, 1982, Kallio 1965, Greig & Burtlekin 1970, Phillips & Greig 1970, Greig 1976, Morrison 1977, Schönhar 1977, Hallaksela & Nevalainen 1981. Greig (1976) found that 10-20% sodium nitrite or 10% disodium octoborate totally prevented the infection of pine stumps.…”

Ecological impacts of Phlebiopsis gigantea biocontrol treatment against Heterobasidion spp. as revealed by fungal community profiling and population analyses

“…The most effective chemicals against H. annosum s.l. are urea (Rishbeth 1959b, Hallaksela and Nevalainen 1981, Varese et al 2003, Thor and Stenlid 2005, Nicolotti and Gonthier 2005 and boron compounds (Rishbeth 1959b, Greig 1976, Varese et al 2003, Nicolotti and Gonthier 2005, Thor and Stenlid 2005. However, trials have been conducted using a wide variety of substances ranging from tar or paints to creosote, sodium nitrite, ammonium sulphamate, propiconazole or copper oxychloride (Rishbeth 1952, 1959b, Kallio 1965, Greig 1976, Nicolotti et al 1999, Varese et al 1999, 2003, Nicolotti and Gonthier 2005.…”

“…was noticed as early as during the 1950's by John Rishbeth (Rishbeth 1951(Rishbeth , 1952. During the following decades, P. gigantea has repeatedly been confirmed to be an effective control agent against Heterobasidion infections (Rishbeth 1963, Greig 1976, Kallio and Hallaksela 1979, Jokinen 1984, Korhonen et al 1994, Pratt et al 2000, Sierota 2003, Annesi et al 2005, Berglund et al 2005, Nicolotti and Gonthier 2005. Currently, several commercially available P. gigantea products are in use within Europe.…”

“…Jülich (Basidiomycota, Corticiaceae; syn. Peniophora gigantea, Phanerochaete gigantea, Phlebia gigantea) is one of the most characteristic fungal species found in stumps, fallen trunks and other remains of coniferous wood in the boreal forest region (Käärik and Rennerfelt 1957, Meredith 1959, Kallio 1965, Greig 1976, Petäistö 1978, Eriksson et al 1981, Rönnberg et al 2006b). As P. gigantea is not very common in primeval forests (Eriksson andStrid 1969, Renvall 1995), it seems to have greatly benefited from current forest management practices.…”

“…Currently, several commercially available P. gigantea products are in use within Europe. The earliest commercial formulations were developed in the United Kingdom (Greig 1976), where several different P. gigantea isolates have been used for the preparation of a biocontrol product called PG suspension (Holdenrieder andGreig 1998, Pratt et al 2000). Similarly, local strains are continuously screened during the production of a P. gigantea formulation called PG IBL in Poland (Pratt et al 2000, Sierota 2003 and the references therein).…”