Biological control of cucumber and sugar beet damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum with bacterial and fungal antagonists

Georgakopoulos, Dimitrios G.; Fiddaman, P.J.; Leifert, Carlo; Malathrakis, N. E.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01658.x

Cited by 98 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Similarly, antagonistic Pseudomonas spp. achieved satisfactory control of P. ultimum when applied to sugar beet seeds in a Greek study (Georgakopoulos et al 2002). A strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens also demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect on the development of both mycelial biomass and sclerotial formation by R. solani in sugar beet seedlings (Thrane et al 2001).…”

Section: Control Of the Soilborne Pathogens Of Beet Pre-planting Treamentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of soilborne diseases of beetroot in Australia: a review

Martin¹

2003

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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Soilborne fungal diseases threaten the viability of the Australian processing beetroot industry. Globally, Pythium spp., Aphanomyces cochlioides and Rhizoctonia solani are the predominant soilborne fungal pathogens responsible for a root rot complex in beet crops. In Australia, the disease problems have been exacerbated in recent years because crops are now grown virtually year round, and under environmental conditions favourable to infection. This has lead to increased inoculum levels in soils sown to beetroot. Moreover, nowhere in the world does there seem to be a single strategy that is completely efficacious in controlling these pathogens, so an effective management strategy will almost certainly involve a combination of tactics. The most likely combination seems to involve fungicide seed treatments, rotations of gramineous or biofumigant crops and the use of disease-resistant varieties of beet. The first of these, fungicidal seed dressings, are a cost-effective means of reducing pathogen inoculum and protecting young beets from infection. Hymexazol may be particularly useful in the Australian system, since it is active against both Pythium and Aphanomyces. To combat Rhizoctonia, it should be applied in combination with either pencycuron or toclophos methyl. Second, rotations of gramineous crops, such as maize or oats, or biofumigant brassica crops, such as white mustard, brussel sprouts or cabbage should also reduce the build-up of inoculum and offers a tactic to relieve the problem in the longer term. Third, alternative beetroot cultivars with resistance to Rhizoctonia have now been developed in USA breeding programs and should be considered by the Australian industry. Resistant varieties are potentially very useful since they offer a long-term approach to disease management that can be easily incorporated into existing production systems. Fourth, the alteration of sowing dates to avoid periods of high disease risk (e.g. confining sowing to the cooler, drier months) needs to be seriously considered by the Australian industry if it is committed to disease management. There is also evidence to suggest that seed priming may warrant consideration as a tool to use in combination with fungicide dressings to reduce disease in young plants. Biological seed treatments and soil fumigation appear to be tactics of limited value to the Australian beet industry.

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Section: Control Of the Soilborne Pathogens Of Beet Pre-planting Treamentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of soilborne diseases of beetroot in Australia: a review

Martin¹

2003

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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“…Storage of Pseudomonas spp. for >6 months in peat without decrease in populations and effectiveness (Vidhyasekaran and Muthamilan 1995;Georgakopoulos et al 2002) further indicates the possibility of developing formulations of pseudomonads with long shelf-life. In the present study, the field performance of peat formulations of rhizobacteria and phylloplane bacteria as groundnut PGPR was related to the viable cell numbers in these formulations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylloplane bacteria increase seedling emergence, growth and yield of field-grown groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Kishore

Pande

Podile

2005

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Aim: To isolate and characterize groundnut-associated bacterial isolates for growth promotion of groundnut in field. Methods and Results: Three hundred and ninety-three groundnut-associated bacteria, representing the geocarposphere, phylloplane and rhizosphere, and endophytes were applied as seed treatment in greenhouse. Maximum increase in plant biomass (up to 26%) was observed following treatment with a rhizosphere isolate identified as Bacillus firmis GRS 123, and two phylloplane isolates Bacillus megaterium GPS 55 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa GPS 21. There was no correlation between the production of L L-tryptophan-derived auxins and growth promotion by the test isolates. Actively growing cells and peat formulations of GRS 123 and GPS 55, and actively growing cells of GPS 21, significantly increased the plant growth and pod yield (up to 19%) in field. Rifampicin-resistant mutants of GRS 123 and GPS 21 colonized the ecto-and endorhizospheres of groundnut, respectively, up to 100 days after sowing (DAS), whereas GPS 55 was recovered from both the habitats at 100 DAS. Conclusion: Seed bacterization with phylloplane isolates promoted groundnut growth indicating the possibility of isolating rhizosphere beneficial bacteria from different habitats. Significance and Impact of the Study: Identification of phylloplane bacteria as effective plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) broadens the spectrum of PGPR available for field application.

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“…In studies with Trichoderma isolates for controlling root-rot of strawberry caused by Armillaria mellea, Raziq & Fox (2005) observed that some isolates of T. harzianum and T. hamatum were more efficient when applied individually than when mixed. Georgakopoulos et al (2002) studied B. subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. corrugata, T. viride and Gliocladium virens applied alone or in combination for controlling Pythium ultimum, and found that mixtures were less effective than individual antagonist treatments. On the other hand, Roberts et al (2005) studied different isolates of Trichoderma and bacteria such as Serratia marcescens, Burkholderia ambifaria, and Burkholderia cepacia for biocontrol of different fungal diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum in cucumber and found that the combinations of biocontrol agents were more effective when compared to applications of the agents alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of microorganisms, alone or in combination, to control postbloom fruit drop in citrus

Klein¹,

Silva²,

Lopes³

et al. 2013

Trop. plant pathol.

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Isolates of Trichoderma spp. (ACB-14, ACB-33, ACB-37, and ACB-40) and Bacillus subtilis (ACB-66, ACB-69, ACB-77, and ACB-83) were tested separately or in mixtures for suppression of postbloom fruit drop in citrus, caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. This work aimed at: (i) determining the incubation time and temperature for production of cells of biocontrol agents; (ii) determining the effect of the isolates, separately or in mixture on the germination conidia of C. acutatum; (iii) evaluating the efficiency of antagonistic isolates on detached citrus flowers and under field conditions. The results of the interactions in vitro showed that there was little differentiation in cell production among the species, and the optimum temperature was 27°C. The best time for multiplication of bacterial cells was 36 hours, whereas for Trichoderma, the production of conidia continued to increase up to 120 hours of incubation. The mixtures of the ACB-77 plus ACB-66, ACB-33, or ACB-37 inhibited pathogen germination from 84% to 89%. Studies with detached citrus flowers showed that ACB-69 alone gave 99% control. The use of mixture ACB-69 plus ACB-37 proved to be viable in the control of disease under field conditions, but the efficiency of the control was lowest than the obtained by applications of ACB-69 alone.

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Biological control of cucumber and sugar beet damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum with bacterial and fungal antagonists

Cited by 98 publications

References 24 publications

Management of soilborne diseases of beetroot in Australia: a review

Management of soilborne diseases of beetroot in Australia: a review

Phylloplane bacteria increase seedling emergence, growth and yield of field-grown groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Application of microorganisms, alone or in combination, to control postbloom fruit drop in citrus

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