Biological control of Botrytis cinerea by selected grapevine-associated bacteria and stimulation of chitinase and β-1,3 glucanase activities under field conditions

Abstract

In this study, the biocontrol ability of seven grapevine-associated bacteria, previously reported as efficient against Botrytis cinerea under in vitro conditions, was evaluated in two vineyard orchards with the susceptible cv. Chardonnay during four consecutive years (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005). It was shown that the severity of disease on grapevine leaves and berries was reduced to different levels, depending on the bacterial strain and inoculation method. Drenching the plant soil with these bacteria revealed a systemic resistance to B. cinerea, even without renewal of treatment. Accordingly, this resistance was associated with a stimulation of some plant defense responses such as chitinase and b-1,3-glucanase activities in both leaves and berries. In leaves, chitinase activity increased before veraison (end-July) while b-1, 3-glucanase reached its maximum activity at ripening (September). Reverse patterns were observed in berries, with b-1,3-glucanase peaking at full veraison (end-August) and chitinase at a later development stage. Highest activities were observed with Acinetobacter lwoffii PTA-113 and Pseudomonas fluorescens PTA-CT2 in leaves, and with A. lwoffii PTA-113 and Pantoea agglomerans PTA-AF1 in berries. These results have demonstrated an induced protection of grapevine against B. cinerea by selected bacteria under field conditions, and suggest that induced resistance could be related to a stimulation of plant defense reactions in a successive manner.

Root-associated bacteria promote grapevine growth: from the laboratory to the field

“…Dash-lines in the graphs mark the values for the untreated plants, in order to better evaluate the promotion effect mediated by the PGP bacteria Bokulich N et al 2014;Gilbert J et al 2014). While data are available on the effects of PGP bacteria on grapevines at the laboratory and greenhouse scales , no such data have been reported on the field scale, although field studies of the biocontrol of pathogens have been conducted (Magnin-Robert et al 2007;Magnin-Robert et al 2013;Aziz et al 2015). Clearly, the study of the promotion of plant growth in the field is less advanced than that of biocontrol of pathogens in the field.…”

“…Knowledge of detailed interactions between bacteria and plant is limited, even for many commercially available PGP bioformulations (Calvo et al 2014). Most studies have been conducted on annual crop plants, such as radish, lettuce and sunflower (Berger et al 2015;Sahin et al 2015;Shahid et al 2015), leaving the interaction between PGP bacteria and perennial arboreal plants poorly explored (Magnin-Robert et al 2007;Magnin-Robert et al 2013;Bashan et al 2014;Gómez-Lama Cabanás et al 2014;Aziz et al 2015).…”

Are ineffective defence reactions potential target for induced resistance during the compatible wheat-powdery mildew interaction?

“…The CHI (EC 3.2.1.14) assay was performed as described in Magnin-Robert et al (2007). Briefly, 50 mg of first wheat leaves were ground in 1 mL extraction buffer (50 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0; 1 mM dithiothreitol and 0.2% PMSF).…”

Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria as Biocontrol Agents: Induced Systemic Resistance Against Biotic Stress in Plants

“…These compounds belong to different chemical groups such as polysaccharides, lipids, glycopeptides, glycoproteins, and volatiles, and even antibiotics and siderophores can act as elicitors (Van Loon and Bakker 2005;Thakur and Sohal 2013). After they are perceived by plant roots, signal transduction pathways are activated to trigger the synthesis of different phytoalexins, defense enzymes, pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins), and cell wall reinforcement (Liu et al 1995;Van Loon 1997;Heil and Bostock 2002;Magnin-Robert et al 2007). An important feature of the ISR is that the bacteria responsible of eliciting the response must stay spatially separate of the pathogen, for example, the bacteria interact with roots while the response is located in the aerial part of the plant where the pathogen is located (Liu et al 1995;Van Loon 2007;Rudrappa et al 2010).…”