Biological control agents in the integrated nematode management of pepper in Egypt

Abd-Elgawad, Mahfouz M. M.

doi:10.1186/s41938-020-00273-6

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Due to its effectiveness, abamectin has been recommended to manage RKNs on several highly susceptible crops in Egypt. It is currently used against severely RKN-attacked Solanaceous crops; on tomatoes [ 43 ], peppers [ 44 ], potatoes [ 45 ], and eggplant [ 46 ]. Additionally, sewage sludge is known as an important organic soil amendment used for general PPN control [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Agricultural Practices in Strawberry Fields Induce Plant–Nematode Interaction towards Meloidogyne-Suppressive Soils?

Hammam

Abd-El-Khair

El-Nagdi

et al. 2022

Life

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The importance of benign approaches to manage the root-knot nematodes (RKNs, Meloidogyne spp.) in strawberry farms has become more evident with increasing strawberry production and export in Egypt. Therefore, data accumulated on biosolarization and soil amendments to favor beneficial microorganisms and maximize their impact on RKN management are built on a robust historical research foundation and should be exploited. We examined RKN population levels/parameters in three strawberry export governorates, six farms per governorate, to characterize the exact production practices that are responsible for RKN-suppressive soils. All selected farms enjoyed soil biodisinfestation resulting from incorporating organic amendments followed by a plastic cover to suppress soil pathogens. Various safe and inexpensive agricultural practices in the El-Ismailia and El-Beheira governorates were compared to the toxic and expensive fumigants that could eliminate RKNs in the Al-Qalyubia governorate. Two farms at El-Ismailia were of special interest as they ultimately showed almost zero counts of RKNs. The two farms were characterized by incorporating cow manure [containing 0.65% total nitrogen, 21.2 carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio] and poultry manure (0.72% total nitrogen, 20.1 C/N ratio) followed by soil solarization via transparent, 80-µm thick plastic covers for 60–65 summer days as pre-strawberry cultivation practices, and similar covers were used after transplanting. Typically, the longer the pre-plant soil solarization period with thicker transparent plastic covers, the better it could suppress the RKN population densities in the tested farms. Their soils were characterized by relatively high pH and low electrical conductivity. The significant development in biocontrol genera/species abundance and frequency could explain the lower (p < 0.0001) RKN population levels inhabiting the farms of El-Ismailia than the El-Beheira governorate. These factors could provide the first approximation of key practices and factors that could collectively contribute to distinguishing and exploiting soil suppressiveness against RKNs. We discussed edaphic properties and production practices that could modulate populations of natural RKN antagonists for sustainable strawberry cultivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Agricultural Practices in Strawberry Fields Induce Plant–Nematode Interaction towards Meloidogyne-Suppressive Soils?

Hammam

Abd-El-Khair

El-Nagdi

et al. 2022

Life

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“…Interestingly, a large number of resistance genes to RKNs are recorded to be located on the P9 chromosome of pepper [34]. Therefore, Abd-Elgawad [39] noted the importance of resistant pepper varieties as they can suppress RKN populations to low levels in soil with high fruit yield under high initial RKN pressure. Yet, careful manipulation of RKN resistance in pepper should be based on the fact that the resistance response is the result of the specific R-gene-Meloidogyne species and the plant genotype together.…”

Section: The Mechanism Of Natural Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Molecular Plant–Nematode Interactions to Develop Alternative Approaches for Nematode Control

Abd-Elgawad

2022

Plants

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Developing control measures of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) rank high as they cause big crop losses globally. The growing awareness of numerous unsafe chemical nematicides and the defects found in their alternatives are calling for rational molecular control of the nematodes. This control focuses on using genetically based plant resistance and exploiting molecular mechanisms underlying plant–nematode interactions. Rapid and significant advances in molecular techniques such as high-quality genome sequencing, interfering RNA (RNAi) and gene editing can offer a better grasp of these interactions. Efficient tools and resources emanating from such interactions are highlighted herein while issues in using them are summarized. Their revision clearly indicates the dire need to further upgrade knowledge about the mechanisms involved in host-specific susceptibility/resistance mediated by PPN effectors, resistance genes, or quantitative trait loci to boost their effective and sustainable use in economically important plant species. Therefore, it is suggested herein to employ the impacts of these techniques on a case-by-case basis. This will allow us to track and optimize PPN control according to the actual variables. It would enable us to precisely fix the factors governing the gene functions and expressions and combine them with other PPN control tactics into integrated management.

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“… + The rates are evenly applied to the soil (except oxamyl for foliar application). In some cases, these rates may be incorporated into potting mix, field soil, or applied in greenhouses for which other doses may be used according to the manufacturer’s product labels on different crops [ 47 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Safe Approaches to Manage Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Abd-Elgawad

2021

Plants

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Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) infect and cause substantial yield losses of many foods, feed, and fiber crops. Increasing concern over chemical nematicides has increased interest in safe alternative methods to minimize these losses. This review focuses on the use and potential of current methods such as biologicals, botanicals, non-host crops, and related rotations, as well as modern techniques against PPNs in sustainable agroecosystems. To evaluate their potential for control, this review offers overviews of their interactions with other biotic and abiotic factors from the standpoint of PPN management. The positive or negative roles of specific production practices are assessed in the context of integrated pest management. Examples are given to reinforce PPN control and increase crop yields via dual-purpose, sequential, and co-application of agricultural inputs. The involved PPN control mechanisms were reviewed with suggestions to optimize their gains. Using the biologicals would preferably be backed by agricultural conservation practices to face issues related to their reliability, inconsistency, and slow activity against PPNs. These practices may comprise offering supplementary resources, such as adequate organic matter, enhancing their habitat quality via specific soil amendments, and reducing or avoiding negative influences of pesticides. Soil microbiome and planted genotypes should be manipulated in specific nematode-suppressive soils to conserve native biologicals that serve to control PPNs. Culture-dependent techniques may be expanded to use promising microbial groups of the suppressive soils to recycle in their host populations. Other modern techniques for PPN control are discussed to maximize their efficient use.

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Biological control agents in the integrated nematode management of pepper in Egypt

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Can Agricultural Practices in Strawberry Fields Induce Plant–Nematode Interaction towards Meloidogyne-Suppressive Soils?

Can Agricultural Practices in Strawberry Fields Induce Plant–Nematode Interaction towards Meloidogyne-Suppressive Soils?

Understanding Molecular Plant–Nematode Interactions to Develop Alternative Approaches for Nematode Control

Optimizing Safe Approaches to Manage Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

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