Biological conservation and parasitism

Christe, Philippe; Morand, Sergé; Michaux, Johan

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-36025-4_27

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…In addition, the quadratic birth and death rates functions introduced here effectively capture species' susceptibility variations due to the Allee effects since the range of values of the parameters α and β determine the intensity of the Allee effects on both the fertility and mortality rate functions B(P ) and D(P ). This support the results in (Courchamp and Mackdonald, 2001; that an Allee effect is more intense in some species than others and the fact that animal species that aggregate due to the Allee effects would be more prone to negative effects of parasite Christe et al (2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Dynamics of SI epidemic with a demographic Allee effect

Usaini

Anguelov

Garba

2015

Theoretical Population Biology

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In this paper, we present an extended SI model of Hilker et al. (2009). In the presented model the birth rate and the death rate are both modeled as quadratic polynomials. This approach provides ample opportunity for taking into account the major contributors to an Allee effect and effectively captures species' differential susceptibility to the Allee effects. It is shown that, the behaviors (persistence or extinction) of the model solutions are characterized by the two essential threshold parameters λ 0 and λ 1 of the transmissibility λ and a threshold quantity µ * of the disease pathogenicity µ. If λ < λ 0 , the model is bistable and a disease cannot invade from arbitrarily small introductions into the host population at the carrying capacity, while it persists when λ > λ 0 and µ < µ * . When λ > λ 1 and µ > µ * , the disease derives the host population to extinction with origin as the only global attractor. For the special cases of the model, verifiable conditions for host population persistence (with or without infected individuals) and host extinction are derived. Interestingly, we show that if the values of the parameters α and β of the extended model are restricted, then the two models are similar. Numerical simulations show how the parameter β affects the dynamics of the model with respect to the host population persistence and extinction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Dynamics of SI epidemic with a demographic Allee effect

Usaini

Anguelov

Garba

2015

Theoretical Population Biology

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“…), they influence the structuring of communities and the conservation of host species (Christe et al . ; Carlson et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth parasite diversity discloses age and sex differences in the foraging behaviour of southern lapwings (Vanellus chilensis)

Silveira

2016

Austral Ecology

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Parasites with heteroxen cycles are important sources of information on the trophic relations of hosts. This is particularly instructive for species whose age-based or sex-based differences are hardly detected by behavioural observations. Here, we describe the helminth community of the omnivorous southern lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) and evaluate whether it is affected by the host's sex, age and body size. The species is sexually monomorphic in body length, but males are slightly heavier than females. We analysed 112 individuals collected in Curitiba, Brazil, in March 2010. All hosts were parasitized. The helminth community was composed of 10 species (the digeneans Leucochloridium parcum and Athesmia sp., the cestode Infula macrophallus, the acantocephalans Plagiorhynchus sp., Centrorhynchus sp., Mediorhynchus sp., and an unidentified Gigantorhynchida, and the nematodes Heterakis psophiae, Dispharynx nasuta and an unidentified Capillariidae), seven of which were novel reports for this host species. Prevalence ranged from <1% to 99%. Whereas I. macrophallus was the most prevalent species, D. nasuta showed the highest mean intensity and abundance of infection. The former was found in most hosts as single male-female pairs, suggesting the occurrence of intrasexual competition. The infracommunities of juvenile birds showed a higher parasite species richness than those of adult males and females, suggesting the exploitation of a wider array of prey. However, the three classes harboured seven parasite species. Differences in parasite diversity (lower in juveniles, intermediate in adult males and higher in adult females) reflect the evenness in the distribution of parasite specimens among taxa in each age-sex class and are compatible with differences in their foraging strategy. Finally, we conclude based on the cycles of the heteroxen species that southern lapwings preyed upon molluscs, coleopterans, woodlice and earthworms.

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“…In spite of their ecological importance, few parasite taxa have been studied in detail, while for most groups estimates of parasite species richness and diversity are lacking (Poulin, ). Despite being key components of biodiversity (Christe, Morand, & Michaux, ), parasites are underrepresented both in taxonomic studies and in species diversity surveys (Wibbelt, Speck, & Field, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitization of bats by bat flies (Streblidae) in fragmented habitats

et al. 2020

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Parasites represent a large fraction of the world's biodiversity. They control host population sizes and contribute to ecosystem functioning. However, surveys on species diversity rarely include parasitic species. Bats often present traits favoring parasite diversity, such as large home ranges, long life spans, and large colonies. The most conspicuous bat parasites are the highly host-specific, blood-sucking bat flies (Diptera:Streblidae, Nycteribiidae). Recent studies have found a direct effect of habitat alteration on the abundance of bat species. We expected, therefore, that changes in the host community in response to anthropogenic habitat modification will also result in changes in the associated parasite community. We captured bats in three different habitats in Central Panama between 2013 and 2015. We recorded information on prevalence and intensity of bat fly parasitization of the seven most commonly captured bat species. Prevalence and intensity were both significantly influenced by roost type, abundance, and host sex and age. We found that habitat variables and matrix type significantly influenced the prevalence and intensity of parasitization, while the direction of the responses was host species-and parasite species-specific. In general, roosting conditions and behavior of host bats appear to be fundamental in explaining changes in prevalence and intensity of parasitization between different habitat types, as bat flies are bound to the roost during their reproductive cycle. Habitat alterations affect next to the host community composition also the availability of possible roost structures as well as microclimatic conditions, which all three reflect in parasitization.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material. K E Y

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Biological conservation and parasitism

Cited by 14 publications

References 96 publications

Dynamics of SI epidemic with a demographic Allee effect

Dynamics of SI epidemic with a demographic Allee effect

Helminth parasite diversity discloses age and sex differences in the foraging behaviour of southern lapwings (Vanellus chilensis)

Parasitization of bats by bat flies (Streblidae) in fragmented habitats

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