2011
DOI: 10.1007/s12551-011-0052-9
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Biological applications of second harmonic imaging

Abstract: Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy dates back to 1974, but effective biological use of the technique has a history of barely 10 years. It is now widely used to image collagen in many different applications, and is becoming useful for imaging myosin and some polysaccharides. A separate line on research has focussed on SHG dyes, which can provide high-speed indication of membrane potential and are now in use in neurobiology. This review looks at the progress to date in these different fields.

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Cited by 39 publications
(29 citation statements)
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References 42 publications
(49 reference statements)
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“…Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has emerged as a powerful nonlinear optical imaging technique in the last decade (Cox 2011). SHG is a nonlinear optical effect observed in non-centrosymmetric molecules, where two photons with the same frequency "combine" to produce a single photon with twice the frequency (Cox 2011). This process has been used to obtain images of SHG active molecules by subjecting the specimen to highly focused, short pulse of radiation and recording the emitted signal.…”
Section: Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy Of Starch Granulesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has emerged as a powerful nonlinear optical imaging technique in the last decade (Cox 2011). SHG is a nonlinear optical effect observed in non-centrosymmetric molecules, where two photons with the same frequency "combine" to produce a single photon with twice the frequency (Cox 2011). This process has been used to obtain images of SHG active molecules by subjecting the specimen to highly focused, short pulse of radiation and recording the emitted signal.…”
Section: Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy Of Starch Granulesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a frequency-doubling technique 5 . The incident light sent to a sample is coherent: two photons of the same frequency are used with the photons in 'lock-step' , in phase with one another.…”
Section: Getting Some Glowmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, asymmetric molecules such as collagen type I and elastin can produce light at exactly twice the frequency (or half the wavelength) of the pulsed excitation beam, a feature that is referred to as second harmonic generation (SHG) [ 21 , 25 ]. SHG does not suffer from photobleaching and allows for extended periods of observation [ 26 ]. Moreover, the two-photon laser excitation beams can penetrate deeper into the tissue allowing imaging and tracking of cells in relatively thick samples of up to 1 mm [ 20 , 27 , 28 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%