Biological and Pharmacological Activity of Chitosan and Derivatives

Cunha, Teresa Margarida; Teixeira, Branca; Santos, Bárbara; Almeida, M. V. de; Dias, Gustavo; Neves, José das

doi:10.1002/9781119962977.ch5

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Antibacterial activities, which are explained by a change in the properties of bacteria cell membranes, are also a feature of chitosan (poly-D-glucosamine), its derivatives (chitooligosaccharides COSs) and polypropylenimine (PPI) dendrimers with tertiary alkyl ammonium groups attached to the surface (Svenson and Tomalia, 2005, Aranaz et al, 2009, Cunha et al, 2012). A positively charged amine group of glucosamine units interacts with negatively charged components of the membranes of Gram-negative bacteria and prevents the passing of nutrients into the cell interior or causes a leakage of intracellular content.…”

Section: Polymers With Pharmacological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another possible explanation of this activity is that chitosan penetrates into the cell and binds with DNA, which in turn inhibits of RNA transcription, and thus leads to the inhibition of protein synthesis. The influence of deacetylation degree and the molecular weight of chitosan during its antibacterial activity is presented in Table 7 (Aranaz et al, 2009, Cunha et al, 2012, Zheng and Zhu, 2003). These polymers’ antibacterial activity, as well as the antiviral activity against the HIV-1 virus, was also proved by adding cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) to the bacterial vaginosis infection therapy.…”

Section: Polymers With Pharmacological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also reports of chitosan and its oligomers displaying hemostatic and antithrombogenic activities, which have been confirmed in in vitro tests. The anticoagulant activity of chitosan seems to be an effect of binding the positively charged polymer to the membranes of negatively charged red blood cells (Aranaz et al, 2009, Cunha et al, 2012, Ray, 2011). Microcrystalline chitosan with a molecular weight 10 3 –10 6 and deacetylation degree of 60–100%, obtained through the modification of chitosan by the method of aggregation, in turn has platelets reactivity decreasing properties, thus lowering the risk of vascular occlusions, which is proved by inhibiting the release of P-selectin from α-granules of the platelets and the inhibition of Ibα internalization.…”

Section: Polymers With Pharmacological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of polymers as multifunctional excipients in drug dosage form technology

Karolewicz

2016

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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In the article, groups of multifunctional polymers used in drug dosage form technology were classified and evaluated. These compounds, in addition to their basic function as excipients, may have additional properties, e.g. stimuli sensitivity, enzyme inhibition, intestinal epithelium penetration enhancement, efflux pump inhibition, taste-masking, pharmacological activity and the ability to interact with enzymes responsible for drug metabolism. While classifying specific groups of multifunctional polymers, special emphasis was placed on the advantages of using them when designing new drug. Such advantages include, i.a., increasing substance bioavailability, improving substance stability during formulation and the possibility of obtaining forms of controlled or localized release to a specific site in the organism.

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Section: Polymers With Pharmacological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polymers With Pharmacological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polymers With Pharmacological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A review of polymers as multifunctional excipients in drug dosage form technology

Karolewicz

2016

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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“…In the market there are currently quite a few examples of chitosan-based wound dressings, examples include: HemCon , ChitoFlex , Chitopack C and Chitodine . Th ese dressings range from bandages to sponges and fi lms of chitosan [100]. Wound healing or tissue regeneration generally comprises platforms for cell growth (tissue engineering), scaff olds for delivery of cell growth factors or bone composites.…”

Section: Wound Healing/tissue Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chitosan meets these requirements and it has functional groups present on the backbone which can be modifi ed with a variety of biological agents with advantageous properties. To date, chitosan has been used in the regeneration of hard and soft tissues (bone, skin, cartilage, intervertebral discs, ligaments & tendons, nerves, vascular and liver tissue) [100].…”

Section: Wound Healing/tissue Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan as an Advanced Healthcare Material

Jardine

Sayed

2014

Advanced Biomaterials and Biodevices

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Chitin and chitosan are renewable biopolymers with inherently favourable properties allowing diverse chemical modifi cation that generates novel materials ideal for biomedical applications. Chitin itself has very poor aqueous solubility and hence found limited utility. For this reason the use of chitosan, in particular, modifi ed chitosan, has increased exponentially in biomedical applications in recent years. Th e review of chitosan as a health care material includes wound healing or tissue regeneration, drug delivery and antimicrobial studies. Specialist applications are vast and due to the shortened publication process, biomedical applications of chitosan may warrant more frequent reviews.In this review, highlights of recent research on the synthesis and analysis of chitin and chitosan based nanomaterials and nanofi bres will be covered. A detailed review of the synthetic transformation of chitosan that further added value by enabling diverse application has been discussed. Th e value of copolymerization and graft ing of biodegradable synthetic polymers with chitosan in order to improve stability and control of the functional biomaterial has been a major driver in the biotechnological innovation.

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Chemie der Chitosan‐Aerogele: Lenkung der dreidimensionalen Poren für maßgeschneiderte Anwendungen

et al. 2020

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Indiesem Aufsatz diskutieren wir die schnell wachsende Zahl an Literaturbeiträgen zu Chitosan-basierten porçsen Materialien, mit Schwerpunkt auf Gelierungsmechanismen, dreidimensionaler multiskaliger Strukturkontrolle sowie der mannigfaltigen chemischen Funktionalität, die mit anderen Biopolymeren nicht erreichbar ist. Die Eigenschaften unterscheiden sich von letzteren teils stark:v on überkritischg etrockneten, mesoporçsen Chitosan-Aerogelen bis hin zu äußerst leichten, gefriergetrockneten makroporçsen Gerüsten. Im Labormaßstab erreicht porçses Chitosan beeindruckende Eigenschaften, der hoch(meso)porçse Charakter verstärkt jedoch nicht nur die vorteilhafte Funktionalitätdes Chitosans,sondern auchseine Nachteile,was eine mçgliche Industrialisierung ernsthaft einschränkt. Zur Fçrderung des Technologietransfers diskutieren wir in kritischer Weise die praktische Umsetzbarkeit mçglicher Anwendungen von Chitosan-Aerogelen im Vergleich zu konventionellen und anderen biopolymerbasierten porçsen oder nichtporçsen Materialien. Aus dem Inhalt 1. Einleitung 9914 2. Synthese von Chitosan-Aerogelen 9916 3. Prozess-Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen 9920 4. Oberflächenchemie und Funktionalisierung 9925 5. Anwendungen 9927 6. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick: auf dem Wegz ur Industrialisierung 9932

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Biological and Pharmacological Activity of Chitosan and Derivatives

Cited by 7 publications

References 156 publications

A review of polymers as multifunctional excipients in drug dosage form technology

A review of polymers as multifunctional excipients in drug dosage form technology

Chitosan as an Advanced Healthcare Material

Chemie der Chitosan‐Aerogele: Lenkung der dreidimensionalen Poren für maßgeschneiderte Anwendungen

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