Biological and pathobiological aspects of the glycocalyx of the small intestinal epithelium. A review

Egberts, H. J. A.; Koninkx, J. F. J. G.; Dijk, J. E. van; Mouwen, J. M. V. M.

doi:10.1080/01652176.1984.9693936

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…[14,[19][20][21][22][23] Furthermore, the mechanisms of transport of biomolecules through the biological barriers are highly conserved. [24][25][26] Therefore, C. elegans offers promising features and valuable tools to evaluate the delivery of topical and oral nanomaterials before moving to more complex model organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

et al. 2017

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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are present in many man-made products and cosmetics, and are also used by the food and medical industries. Tight regulations regarding the use of mammalian animals for product testing can hamper the study of the specific interactions between engineered nanoparticles and biological systems.Invertebrate models, such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), can offer alternative approaches during the early phases of nanoparticle discovery.Here, we thoroughly evaluated the biodistribution of 11-nm and 150-nm citratecapped AuNPs in the model organism C. elegans at multiple scales, moving from micrometric to nanometric resolution and from the organismal to cellular level. We confirmed that the nanoparticles were not able to cross the intestinal and dermal barriers. We investigated the effect of AuNPs on the survival and reproductive performance of C. elegans, and correlated these effects with the uptake of AuNPs in terms of their number, surface area, and metal mass. In general, exposure to 11-nm AuNPs resulted in a higher toxicity than the larger 150-nm AuNPs. NP aggregation inside C. elegans was determined using absorbance microspectroscopy, which allowed the plasmonic properties of AuNPs to be correlated with their confinement inside the intestinal lumen, where anatomical traits, acidic pH and the presence of biomolecules play an essential role on NP aggregation. Finally, quantitative PCR of selected molecular markers indicated that exposure to AuNPs did not significantly affect 2 endocytosis and intestinal barrier integrity. Statement of significanceThis work highlights how the simple, yet information-rich, animal model C. elegans is ideally suited for preliminary screening of nanoparticles or chemicals mitigating most of the difficulties associated with mammalian animal models, namely the ethical issues, the high cost, and time constraints. This is of particular relevance to the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries, which all have to justify the use of animals, especially during the discovery, development and initial screening phases. This work provides a detailed and thorough analysis of 11-nm and 150-nm AuNPs at multiple levels of organization (the whole organism, organs, tissues, cells and molecules).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

et al. 2017

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“…Both the membrane bound glycoconjugates of the glycocalyx (11) and the free glycoconjugates in the mucus (39) glycoconjugates, which are produced by the goblet cells. Specific moieties or patterns of moieties in a carbohydrate chain may function as receptors for all kinds of substances, including lectins (11,39). Enteroblasts from the bottom of the crypts of Lieberkiihn differentiate into mature enterocytes towards the top of the villi.…”

Section: The Binding Of Plants Lectins To Small Intestinal Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction between plant lectins and the small intestinal epithelium: A primary cause of intestinal disturbance

Kik¹,

Rojer²,

Mouwen³

et al. 1989

Veterinary Quarterly

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The literature concerning the effects of plant lectins on the small intestinal epithelium is reviewed. It appears that after oral intake, intact plant lectins can reach the small intestinal lumen. Their binding to the mucosal surface evokes an increased synthesis of glycoproteins and a degeneration of the intestinal epithelium. The epithelial alterations may result in hyperregenerative villus atrophy and endogenous nitrogen loss. These changes ultimately can lead to less efficient feed conversion, diminished growth, scouring, wasting and death. The possible significance of plant lectins in digestive disturbances in farm animals is suggested.

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“…The rest of the degradation occurs on contact with the brush border membrane or after entry into the cell. Brush border peptidases such as amino oligopeptidase, aminopeptidase, and dipeptidyl aminopeptidase then breakdown the oligopeptides to amino acids (up to 70%) and di-and tri-peptides (up to 30%) [3,4].…”

Section: Enzymatic Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non Invasive Delivery of Protein and Peptide Drugs: A Review

Lakshmi

Prasanthi

Veeresh

2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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The most common and improved bioavailable route for protein and peptide drugs is injectable route. These drugs are generally preferred to give in invasive route to get high bioavailability though possessing disadvantages and the major one is patient non-compliance. Hence, various non-invasive route of administration has been under research for these drugs to fetch more advantages. Although bioavailability is a major problem with non-invasive route such as oral, nasal, ocular, transdermal, rectal, colon, and vaginal route, these routes have been preferred compared to existing invasive one. Many researches have been conducted in this area, but achieving success is significantly challenging. The nasal delivery has been successfully exploited for vaccines compare to all other non-invasive drug delivery system. Currently, only molecule to reach market is oral cyclosporine. The present review aims to discuss the potential non-invasive routes of protein and peptide drug delivery. The factors which will affect drug permeation, and the bioavailability of proteins administered through these routes is also emphasized.

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Biological and pathobiological aspects of the glycocalyx of the small intestinal epithelium. A review

Cited by 42 publications

References 97 publications

In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

The interaction between plant lectins and the small intestinal epithelium: A primary cause of intestinal disturbance

Non Invasive Delivery of Protein and Peptide Drugs: A Review

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