“…However, in 1984, multiple ND outbreaks in Great Britain were initiated by PPMV1 and spread from pigeons to chickens (Alexander et al, 1985b). Subsequently, PPMV1 has been responsible for other chicken ND outbreaks worldwide (Aldous et al, 2004;Capua et al, 2002;Kommers et al, 2001;Liu et al, 2006;OIE, 2011a,b;Toro et al, 2005;Werner et al, 1999) and has caused extensive panzootic infections in racing pigeons in European countries despite vaccination efforts (Alexander et al, 1997;Kommers et al, 2001;Meulemans et al, 2002;Werner et al, 1999;Zanetti et al, 2001). Genetic analysis of PPMV1 demonstrated that this strain, named genotype VI-PMV1 (GVI-PMV1) (Aldous et al, 2004), constituted a distinct monophyletic lineage with considerable genetic heterogeneity.…”