Biokinematic differences between riding horses judged as good and poor at the trot

Holmström, Malin Rising; Fredricson, I.; Drevemo, S.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1994.tb04874.x

Cited by 62 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It changed in the same way during bilateral and unilateral lameness (4). Similarly, horses on a treadmill place their forelimbs earlier than overground (3) and dressage horses with lower trotting quality show the same difference compared to good horses (7). Therefore, an advanced placement of the hind limbs during the trot seems to be a sign of confidence and an ability of high locomotor performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Bilateral lameness in horses a kinematic study

Buchner

Savelberg

Schamhardt

et al. 1995

Veterinary Quarterly

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SUMMARYThe kinematic pattern of mild bilateral lameness was studied by inducing a supporting limb lameness in both forelimbs of 11 sound Dutch Warmblood horses. The kinematics of the horses were recorded while they trotted (3.5 m/s) on a treadmill. The locomotion analysis system CODA-3 was used to determine the temporal stride patterns, limb movements as well as head and trunk movement patterns. The transient lameness model, by which pressure-induced pain is evoked on the hoof sole, was used. Differences between left and right limbs as well as between the sound and the lame condition were tested using a paired t-test. Stride and stance duration did not change significantly (p < 0.05) during bilateral lameness compared to the pattern of sound horses. Diagonal advanced placement changed to an earlier placement of both forelimbs. Fetlock hyperextension decreased also in both forelimbs, while the pro-and retraction, hoof impact angle, maximal hoof height, and all hind limb variables remained unchanged. Vertical head and trunk movements tended to decrease, but these changes were not significant. It was concluded that fetlock hyperextension and diagonal advanced placement indicate locomotor disturbances, but that mild bilateral lameness may be difficult to distinguish from individual patterns in single assessments because of the lack of locomotor asymmetries. Evaluation of these variables at regular intervals may allow an early detection of bilateral lameness, which then could be confirmed by diagnostic local anaesthesia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Bilateral lameness in horses a kinematic study

Buchner

Savelberg

Schamhardt

et al. 1995

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…It is well known that dressage horses have a high incidence of suspensory ligament problems (Dyson 2007, Murray et al 2006, Trump et al 2014. Since the SL is maximally loaded due to maximal extension of the fetlock joint, when during trot only one fore and hind limb is on the ground, the risk of SL desmitis may increase (Holmstrom et al 1994, Walker et al 2013. As shown by Riemersma et al, the mean maximal strain and mean maximal load in walk and trot is higher in the SL compared to the SDFT (Holmstrom et al 1994, Riemersma et al 1996, Walker et al 2013 The degree of lameness in horses with PSD in a fore-or hindlimb varies greatly (Dyson 2007, Genovese et al 2011, Gibson et al 2002.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of radiographic changes of the proximal third metacarpal and metatarsal bones in horses with and without proximal suspensory desmitis

Trump

Siegenthaler

Kircher

et al. 2014

PHK

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Summary: Medical records of horses examined from 1994 to 2011 at the Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, because of proximal suspensory desmitis (PSD) were reviewed. Radiographic changes visible on dorsopalmar and dorsoplantar projections of the proximal third metacarpal/metatarsal bone (MCIII/MTIII) were analysed with respect to localisation, degree of increased radiopacity, length, width and pattern of radiopacity in relation to sex, age, breed, duration and degree of lameness and affected limb of the horses. Results were compared with those from sound control horses. Horses with PSD had increased radiopacity, which was significantly more prevalent medially than laterally in the forelimbs (p < 0.05) and more prevalent laterally than medially in the hindlimbs (p < 0.05). The width of the area of increased radiopacity was significantly greater in the forelimbs than in the hindlimbs (p < 0.05). The pattern of increased radiopacity was diffuse in 102 (85.7 %) horses and multifocal in the remaining 17 (14.3 %). 35.3 % (n = 6) of multifocal changes were detected on one of the front limbs, whereas 74.7 % (n =11) were diagnosed on the hind limbs. Mildly increased diffuse radiopacity, with a distribution pattern comparable to cases with PSD was detected in 15 of 60 control horses. In comparison to control cases, the degree of increased diffuse radiopacity was significant more pronounced in horses with PSD (p < 0.001). The multifocal pattern of increased radiopacity could not be detected in any of the control horses. The results aid in the interpretation of radiographic changes seen in horses with PSD. Whereas a diffuse increased radiopacity of the proximal MCIII/MTIII needs to be interpreted with caution, as a mild degree may be seen in sound horses, the multifocal distribution pattern seems to be unique feature of horses with PSD.Keywords: proximal suspensory desmitis / PSD / radiographic changes / suspensory ligament / desmitis Vergleich von röntgenologischen Veränderungen im Bereich des proximalen Metakarpus und Metatarsus bei Pferden mit und ohne Desmopathie des FesselträgerursprungsIn der vorliegenden Studie wurden die Patientendaten von Pferden, die im Zeitraum von 1994 bis 2011 in der Pferdeklinik des Departements für Pferde der Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich wegen einer Desmitis des Fesseltägerursprungs vorgestellt wurden, retrospektiv evaluiert. Die im dorso-palmaren, bzw. dorso-plantaren Strahlengang sichtbar vermehrte Röntgendichte im Bereich des proximalen Metakarpus III/Metatarsus III wurde nach ihrer Lokalisation, Ausdehnung (Länge und Breite), Schweregrad der Veränderungen und Erscheinungsbild ausgewertet. Zudem wurden das Geschlecht, das Alter, die Rasse, die Dauer der klinischen Symptomatik, die erkrankte Gliedmaße und der Lahmheitsgrad ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit einer Kontrollgruppe verglichen. Für die Kontrollgruppe wurden 30 Röntgenbilder eines Karpus und 30 Röntgenbilder eines Tarus je in der dorsopalmaren/plantaren Projektion nach dem gleichen Schema ausge...

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“…The selection process for sporting purposes has been mainly based on subjective criteria although studies of Grant [17], Back et al [3,4], and Holmström et al [21] have defined objective locomotion characteristics for performance prediction. Much has been written during the last two decades on basic stride characteristics, such as temporal, linear and angular variables, in different gaits and sport situations by Galisteo et al [14,15], Clayton [9,10] and Miró et al [23], and on coordination of joints within the equine fore and hind limbs by Back et al [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walk and trot in the horse at driving: kinematic adaptation of its natural gaits

et al. 2006

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-The walk and trot at hand and at driving of five Andalusian Purebred stallions were studied by a 2D semiautomatic analysis system. Linear, temporal and angular variables from the right fore and hind limbs were obtained by using a 2D kinematic analysis system. In order to identify significant differences between handled and driving gaits, a paired Student t-test was performed. The swing period and the stride lengths of both fore and hind limbs and the overreach distance were lower at driving. Stride durations and Retraction-Protraction angle values in the hind limbs at trot did not differ under different conditions but scapular values at walk and trot, fore fetlock variables at trot and some of the stifle and tarsus parameters at walk and trot were modified by the use of the vehicle. It may be assumed that at fixed speeds driving horses try to maintain the stride duration of their natural gaits.

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Biokinematic differences between riding horses judged as good and poor at the trot

Cited by 62 publications

References 12 publications

Bilateral lameness in horses a kinematic study

Bilateral lameness in horses a kinematic study

Comparison of radiographic changes of the proximal third metacarpal and metatarsal bones in horses with and without proximal suspensory desmitis

Walk and trot in the horse at driving: kinematic adaptation of its natural gaits

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