Abstract:The existing approaches to bioisobutanol synthesis and commercial production are considered. Ways of using bioisobutanol as a component of motor fuel and as a promising feedstock for the production of “green” hydrocarbons and other petrochemicals that favor the progress of low-carbon economy are discussed. Particular attention is paid to catalytic processes of isobutanol conversion to isobutylene and butenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, C2–С4 olefins, and hydrogen-containing gases. Data on the mechanism of isobutan… Show more
“…Renewable isobutanol (bioisobutanol) can be produced via fermentative and nonfermentative methods, which have been developed only recently. ,− Isobutanol is a very important platform molecule that can be used as a starting material in the production of olefins (butenes) and aromatics first and polymers and gasoline additives (MTBE) finally . The recovery of bioisobutanol from the aqueous phase is currently done by gas stripping and solvent extraction , or by flash evaporation, followed by condensation and distillation. , but alternative methods, such as extractive distillation using K 2 CO 3 and adsorption, have been proposed.…”
Section: Chemical Separations By Zeolitesmentioning
Zeolites have been widely used as catalysts, ion exchangers, and adsorbents since their industrial breakthrough in the 1950s and continue to be state-of the-art adsorbents in many separation processes. Furthermore, their properties make them materials of choice for developing and emerging separation applications. The aim of this review is to put into context the relevance of zeolites and their use and prospects in adsorption technology. It has been divided into three different sections, i.e., zeolites, adsorption on nanoporous materials, and chemical separations by zeolites. In the first section, zeolites are explained in terms of their structure, composition, preparation, and properties, and a brief review of their applications is given. In the second section, the fundamentals of adsorption science are presented, with special attention to its industrial application and our case of interest, which is adsorption on zeolites. Finally, the state-of-the-art relevant separations related to chemical and energy production, in which zeolites have a practical or potential applicability, are presented. The replacement of some of the current separation methods by optimized adsorption processes using zeolites could mean an improvement in terms of sustainability and energy savings. Different separation mechanisms and the underlying adsorption properties that make zeolites interesting for these applications are discussed.
“…Renewable isobutanol (bioisobutanol) can be produced via fermentative and nonfermentative methods, which have been developed only recently. ,− Isobutanol is a very important platform molecule that can be used as a starting material in the production of olefins (butenes) and aromatics first and polymers and gasoline additives (MTBE) finally . The recovery of bioisobutanol from the aqueous phase is currently done by gas stripping and solvent extraction , or by flash evaporation, followed by condensation and distillation. , but alternative methods, such as extractive distillation using K 2 CO 3 and adsorption, have been proposed.…”
Section: Chemical Separations By Zeolitesmentioning
Zeolites have been widely used as catalysts, ion exchangers, and adsorbents since their industrial breakthrough in the 1950s and continue to be state-of the-art adsorbents in many separation processes. Furthermore, their properties make them materials of choice for developing and emerging separation applications. The aim of this review is to put into context the relevance of zeolites and their use and prospects in adsorption technology. It has been divided into three different sections, i.e., zeolites, adsorption on nanoporous materials, and chemical separations by zeolites. In the first section, zeolites are explained in terms of their structure, composition, preparation, and properties, and a brief review of their applications is given. In the second section, the fundamentals of adsorption science are presented, with special attention to its industrial application and our case of interest, which is adsorption on zeolites. Finally, the state-of-the-art relevant separations related to chemical and energy production, in which zeolites have a practical or potential applicability, are presented. The replacement of some of the current separation methods by optimized adsorption processes using zeolites could mean an improvement in terms of sustainability and energy savings. Different separation mechanisms and the underlying adsorption properties that make zeolites interesting for these applications are discussed.
“…A sustainable alternative to crude-oil feedstocks could derive from biologically sourced alcohols. 2,13,14 Small chain bioalcohols (alcohols produced from biological resources or biomass) 15 such as bioethanol and biomethanol are currently produced in a number of ways including from the fermentation of sugar cane, corn and wheat (first generation fuels) or from waste-derived biomass (second generation). 15 With the growing demand for bioalcohols, the market is set to expand with a consequent improvement in the scale and efficiency of their production.…”
With the growing scientific and social awareness of environmental issues, there is an increasing demand for renewable alkene feedstocks used to make the products we rely on. Alkenes are typically...
“…However, when cellulose is used as a substrate, usually much lower product concentrations are achieved in comparison with isobutanol obtained from starch, owing to the challenges associated with the degradation of cellulose to simple sugars (like glucose) [25]. An overview of isobutanol produced from biomass can be found in a recent article by Dedov et al [26].…”
Section: Isobutanol Production From Renewable Sourcesmentioning
Isobutanol, one of the four isomers of butanol (C4H9OH), possesses some favorable properties that make it an attractive fuel for internal combustion engines. For instance, when compared to ethanol, isobutanol features a higher heating value and lower hygroscopicity (which prevents corrosion and enables it to be transported via pipelines). Moreover, its addition to gasoline does not distort the fuel blend’s vapor pressure to the same extent as ethanol does. All of this while having a high octane rating. Those advantages over ethanol suggest that isobutanol has the potential to be used as a gasoline oxygenate or even as a neat fuel. Furthermore, the advances made in biotechnology have enabled isobutanol to be produced from biomass more efficiently, allowing it to be used in compliance with existing renewable energy mandates. This article reviews some of the relevant literature dedicated to isobutanol as a motor fuel, covering its merits and drawbacks. Several studies on its combustion characteristics are also discussed. Most of the included literature refers to the use of isobutanol in spark-ignition (SI) engines, as its properties naturally lend themselves to such applications. However, isobutanol’s utilization in diesel engines is also addressed, along with a couple of low-temperature combustion examples.
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