Bioinspired Plasmo-virus for Point-of-Care SARS-CoV-2 Detection

Abstract

Directly identifying the presence of the virus in infected hosts with an appropriate speed and sensitivity permits early epidemic management even during the presymptomatic incubation period of infection. Here, we synthesize a bioinspired plasmo-virus (BPV) particle for rapid and sensitive point-of-care (POC) detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) via a selfassembled plasmonic nanoprobe array on spike proteins. The BPV enables strong near-infrared (NIR) extinction peaks caused by plasmonic nanogaps. We quantify SARS-CoV-2 in viral transport medium (VTM) at low titers within 10 min with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.4 × 10 1 pfu/mL, which is 10 3 times more sensitive than the current gold-standard method. The high-sensitivity and high-speed POC detection may be widely used for the timely, individualized diagnosis of infectious agents in low-resource settings.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Based on Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) and Its Integration into Nanomedicine and Microfluidic Devices as Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)

“…Sample preparation must be minimal to avoid RNA extraction, which is a time-consuming step and affects sensitivity, depending on the extraction method [ 122 ]. Many of the approaches we have reviewed have taken this into account and can be performed rapidly, thanks to isothermal amplification kinetics and the tolerance of inhibitors, or the specificity of functionalized nanoparticles, such as glass slides or aptamers [ 53 , 66 , 104 , 105 , 108 , 109 , 112 ].…”

“…Other developments have combined the AuNPs in a particle bioinspired in a virus that interacts between them and the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, creating a plasmonic gap. These plasmonic gaps cause an extinction peak near infrared light and could be measured in a micro-optoelectronic chip and coupled to a smartphone, with a detection limit of 1.4 × 10 1 pfu/mL [ 104 ].…”

Plasmonic and metamaterial biosensors: a game-changer for virus detection

“…137 Park et al used self-assembled AuNP arrays for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein. 213 Their biosensor gave quick results with high sensitivity in just 10 min and without any purification steps. 213 Both aforementioned sensors could be used for the PoC detection of SARS-CoV-2.…”

“…213 Their biosensor gave quick results with high sensitivity in just 10 min and without any purification steps. 213 Both aforementioned sensors could be used for the PoC detection of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, Das et al achieved an LOD of the S protein of 111.11 deg RIU −1 using a gold nanorod with a Kretschmann prism configuration.…”

Fabrication of Top–Down-Based Optical Fiber Nanoprobes and Their Diagnostic Application for Pancreatic Cancer

“…Also, the practicability as the biosensors was estimated with the carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) detections by direct assays [30]. In AuNS and patterned gold nanotriangle (AuNT) and gold nanohole (AuNH), sandwich immunoassays that can amplify the outputs by molecule adsorptions were introduced [31], [32], [33]. As a result, the LODs were enhanced, and especially better responsiveness was accomplished in AuNT.…”