Bioinspired organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on cellulose nanopaper and natural chlorophyll-a for neuromorphic systems

Abstract

Inspired by human brains, optoelectronic synapses are expected as one of significant steps for constructing neuromorphic systems. In addition, intensive attention has been paid to biodegradable and biocompatible materials for developing green electronics. In this regard, environmentally friendly organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on wood-derived cellulose nanopaper (WCN) as dielectric/substrate and nature chlorophyll-a as photoactive material are demonstrated. Both WCN and chlorophyll-a are biocompatible and biodegradable materials from natural organisms. Versatile synaptic behaviors have been well mimicked by the modulation of both electrical and optical signals. More significantly, optical wireless communication is experimentally emulated and the information processing capability is also verified in pattern recognition simulation. Furthermore, the flexible synaptic transistors exhibit no apparent synaptic performance degradation even when the bending radius is reduced to 1 mm. Our work may develop a promising approach for the development of green and flexible electronics in neuromorphic visual systems.

Natural Organic Materials Based Memristors and Transistors for Artificial Synaptic Devices in Sustainable Neuromorphic Computing Systems

“…STM and LTM have also been demonstrated via pattern memorization by a variety of natural organic synaptic device arrays based on chitosan [ 4 ], zein [ 14 ], ι-carrageenan [ 27 ], wool keratin [ 59 ], and chlorophyll-a/cellulose [ 60 ], etc., which proved the potential for the construction of neural networks. The representative results are shown in Figure 6 from a 5 × 5 ι-carrageenan artificial synapse array [ 27 ].…”

“…The ratio of the absolute amplitudes of the first and second current spike, i.e., the PPF index (A 2 /A 1 ), is used to quantify the PPF effect. Memristors and transistors based on a few natural organic materials such as gelatin [ 15 ], honey [ 19 , 20 ], lignin [ 24 ], ι-carrageenan [ 27 ], sodium alginate [ 31 ], biomass-based hydrogel [ 33 ], pectin [ 35 , 36 ], carotene [ 37 ], natural acidic polyelectrolyte [ 39 ], chicken albumen [ 43 ], silk [ 55 ], chlorophyl-a [ 57 ], wool keratin [ 59 ], cellulose [ 60 ], etc., have been reported to successfully mimic the PPF effect.…”

“…In biological neurons, if the EPSC summation results in a depolarization with sufficient amplitude to raise the membrane potential above the threshold, then the postsynaptic neuron will produce an action potential. Synaptic summation has been reported by a honey-memristor [ 17 ], wood-derived cellulose nanopapers [ 32 ], a chicken albumen-gated synaptic transistor [ 43 ], a chlorophyll-a-gated synaptic transistor [ 60 ], sodium alginate transistor [ 31 ], etc.…”

“…Synaptic summation was demonstrated by a chlorophyll-a-gated synaptic transistor [ 60 ] when employing two presynaptic optical stimuli with an inter-spikes time interval (Δt L2–L1 ). The EPSC pulses evoked by the two optical input spikes were superimposed, which led to an increase of the final postsynaptic EPSC.…”

Intelligent Optoelectronic Devices for Next‐Generation Artificial Machine Vision

“…[9] It is worth mentioning that CdSe and IGZO are visible light-sensitive and visible light-insensitive, respectively, IGZO All-optically controlled synaptic simulation [15] CeO 2−x Demodulating, arithmetic, and memory [87] MoO x Image memorization and preprocessing [90] CeO 2−x Logic and memory [100] CdSe/IGZO Environment-adaptable visual perception [9] LSNO Self-adaptive optical detection visual memory. [101] AgNWs/TiO 2 Self-adaptive broad angular visual perception [102] VO 2 UV-sensitive perception and image memorization [103] Organic molecules PDVT-10/N2200 Memory and synaptic simulation [104] Chlorophyll-a Optical wireless communication and pattern recognition simulation [105] PDPP3T:PCBM Light intensity-dependent active photoadaptation [106] DNTT/DAE Logic gate and retina emulation [107] Pentacene/IR-780 Synaptic simulation and digit classification simulation [108] Perovskites CsPbBr 3 Neuromorphic reinforcement learning [109] CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3−x Cl x Optical sensing, memory, and logic operation [36] CsFAMA Adaptive image sensing [37] FAPbI 3 Hemispherical image-sensing [38] CsPbX 3…”