Bioinspired Nanoparticles with NIR‐Controlled Drug Release for Synergetic Chemophotothermal Therapy of Metastatic Breast Cancer

Abstract

Optimal nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDS) require long blood circulation and controlled drug release at target lesions for efficient anticancer therapy. Red blood cell (RBC) membrane‐camouflaged nanoparticles (NPs) can integrate flexibility of synergetic materials and highly functionality of RBC membrane, endowed with many unique advantages for drug delivery. Here, new near‐infrared (NIR)‐responsive RBC membrane‐mimetic NPs with NIR‐activated cellular uptake and controlled drug release for treating metastatic breast cancer are reported. An NIR dye is inserted in RBC membrane shells, and the thermoresponsive lipid is employed to the paclitaxel (PTX)‐loaded polymeric cores to fabricate the RBC‐inspired NPs. The fluorescence of dye in the NPs can be used for in vivo tumor imaging with an elongated circulating halftime that is 12.3‐folder higher than that of the free dye. Under the NIR laser stimuli, the tumor cellular uptake of NPs is significantly enhanced to 2.1‐fold higher than that without irradiation. The structure of the RBC‐mimetic NPs can be destroyed by the light‐induced hyperthermia, triggered rapid PTX release (45% in 30 min). These RBC‐mimetic NPs provide a synergetic chemophotothermal therapy, completely inhibited the growth of the primary tumor, and suppress over 98% of lung metastasis in vivo, suggesting it to be an ideal NDDS to fight against metastatic breast cancer.

Membrane-wrapped nanoparticles for photothermal cancer therapy

“…This was demonstrated in the context of PTT where drug-loaded Prussian blue NPs accumulated in higher amounts in tumors in mice than unwrapped controls to effectively ablate tumor masses by NIR irradiation-induced PTT and chemotherapeutic drug release [55,56]. Similar enhancement of PTT has been observed with other RBC membrane-wrapped NPs [48,53,57,58,63,75,76,78,81,95]. Notably, self-markers are also present on membranes derived from other cell types, allowing them to achieve a degree of immune evasion.…”

Biomimetic Nanovesicles for Enhanced Antitumor Activity of Combinational Photothermal and Chemotherapy

“…This could result from the more concentrated status of DIR in NVs, which would lead to higher energy-converting efficiency under laser illumination. 29 Moreover, free DIR exhibited very quick photodegradation with rapid fluorescence quenching under NIR laser irradiation, whereas NV-DIR showed much higher photostability (data not shown). The photothermal profiles of NV-DOX-DIR exhibited a concentration-dependent pattern upon NIR laser irradiation (Figure 2C).…”

Enhanced photothermal-ferroptosis effects based on RBCm-coated PDA nanoparticles for effective cancer therapy

“…Furthermore, the heat generated by NIR irradiation can lead to the rapid decomposition of NDDS to release the drug and disrupt lysosomal membranes, allowing EPI to be delivered into the cytoplasm. 55 Thus, EPI accumulation in 4T1 cells was enhanced. The quantitative evaluation obtained by flow cytometry was consistent with the above results (Fig.…”