Bioinspired Microstructured Janus Bioadhesive for the Prevention of Abdominal and Intrauterine Adhesions

Abstract

Abdominal and intrauterine adhesions are common postoperative problems that can cause serious complications. Current adhesives are usually double sided and suffer from poor wet adhesion, nondegradability, and monofunctionality, which limits their application in preventing postoperative adhesions. Herein, a bioinspired microstructured Janus bioadhesive, named OD/GM@PG, with a wet adhesive inner layer and an antiadhesive outer layer is prepared by combining electrostatic spun and adhesive materials. By using both capillary suction and a catechol‐based strategy, the wet adhesive strength and interfacial toughness of the Janus bioadhesive reach 98 kPa and 325 J m−2, respectively, which are much higher than those of commercial fibrin glues and cyanoacrylate glues. The electrostatic spun outer layer acts as a physical barrier with antiadhesive and friction‐reducing effects. Additionally, the Janus bioadhesive demonstrates biodegradable, hemostatic, antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and prohealing properties. In vivo results show that the asymmetric adhesion effect of the Janus bioadhesive effectively preventing postoperative abdominal and intrauterine adhesions. Notably, tandem mass tags‐labeled quantitative proteomics analysis demonstrate that the expression of inflammatory response‐associated proteins (S100A8, S100A9) is associated with adhesion; the Janus bioadhesive significantly downregulates this expression. Therefore, the OD/GM@PG Janus bioadhesive is a promising candidate for preventing postoperative adhesions.

Hemoadhican-Based Bioabsorbable Hydrogel for Preventing Postoperative Adhesions

“…Stable and excellent in vivo adhesion is crucial for the efficacy and clinical convenience of antiadhesion barrier materials. , The long-chain polymer HD has a distinctive composition that allows it to bond securely with substances in blood or tissue fluid, creating a durable and liquid-repelling blend at the injury site . This mixture can withstand ongoing pressure in the body, preventing adhesion formation during the critical postoperative period.…”

“…Currently, there is growing interest in Janus-adhesive hydrogel barriers that can simultaneously exhibit both adhesion and antiadhesion properties in preventing postoperative adhesions. , This barrier has an inner layer that adheres to wet tissue to help wound healing, while the outer layer acts as a physical barrier to prevent adhesions. Janus hydrogels typically rely on hydrogen bonding, covalent cross-linking, and water-removal adhesion mechanisms to achieve wet adhesion.…”

“…The cross-linking reaction used to synthesize hydrogels does not affect the inherent structure and function of natural HD polysaccharide . In HD hydrogels, intermolecular hydrogen bonds and mechanical interlocking of long-chain polymers contribute to maintaining a tunable network microstructure, providing the hydrogel with self-healing capabilities and mechanical stability on a larger scale …”

Visible-Light Cross-Linkable Multifunctional Hydrogels Loaded with Exosomes Facilitate Full-Thickness Skin Defect Wound Healing through Participating in the Entire Healing Process

“…6,7 However, various factors can contribute to aberrations in wound healing at any stage, including excessive inflammation, wound infection, and oxidative stress. 8,9 Conventional wound dressings are unifunctional and limited to specific stages in the healing process. Hence, it is crucial to develop multifunctional wound dressings that can actively engage throughout the entire process of wound repair.…”

“…Full-thickness skin defect wounds typically display irregular trauma and incompressibility, thereby predisposing to uncontrolled bleeding and accumulation of contaminants. − For instance, the presence of deep irregular wounds creates a favorable environment for bacterial survival, which can significantly impede the process of wound healing. , Generally, the injured tissue undergoes an extensive wound-healing cascade encompassing hemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. , However, various factors can contribute to aberrations in wound healing at any stage, including excessive inflammation, wound infection, and oxidative stress. , Conventional wound dressings are unifunctional and limited to specific stages in the healing process. Hence, it is crucial to develop multifunctional wound dressings that can actively engage throughout the entire process of wound repair.…”