Bioinformatics Analysis of Key micro-RNAs and mRNAs under the Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Virus Infection

Abstract

To clarify crucial key micro-RNAs and mRNAs associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) virus infection, we conducted this bioinformatics analysis from four GEO datasets. The following datasets were used for the analysis: GSE85829, GSE94551, GSE52780, and GSE45589. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired, and the analysis of functional and pathway enrichment and the relative regulatory network were conducted. After screening common differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs), five key miRNAs were acquired: miR-100-3p, miR-125a-3p, miR-1273g-3p, miR-5585-3p, and miR-671-5p. There were three common enriched GO terms between miRNA-derived prediction and mRNA-derived analysis: biosynthetic process, cytosol, and nucleoplasm. There was one common KEGG pathway, i.e., cell cycle shared between miRNA-based and mRNA-based enrichment. Using TarBase V8 in DIANA tools, we acquired 1,520 potential targets (mRNA) from the five key DE-miRNAs, among which the159 DE-mRNAs also included 11 DEGs. These common DEGs showed a PPI network mainly connected by SMC1A, SMARCC1, SF3B3, LIG1, and BRMS1L. Together, changes in five key miRNAs and 11 key mRNAs may play crucial roles in HFMD progression. A combination of these roles may benefit the early diagnosis and treatment of HFMD.

Long non-coding RNA ENST00000469812 promotes Enterovirus type 71 replication via targeting the miR-4443/NUPR1 axis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells

“…To find miRNAs related to the EV71 infection process, we searched PubMed and found that six miRNAs, including miR-451a, miR-3960, miR-4516, miR-320c, miR-4443, and miR-3665, were significantly differentially expressed in several studies (Supplementary Table S4) [ 27 – 33 ]. Thus, we regarded these miRNAs as potentially involved in the EV71 infection process.…”

Application value of EV/EV71/CA16-SAT detection in children with hand-foot-mouth disease

“…Taking into account the different courses of disease, different sample collection methods, virus replication, detoxification cycle, individual immune differences and other factors, a single detection method has some limitations and missed or false detected rate. Therefore, in the early stage of HFMD in children or when the immune function is relatively low, the combined detection of nucleic acid RNA and serum IgM antibody is helpful to improve the early detection rate (25,26) and accuracy. Two methods of detection and follow-up are helpful to evaluate the recovery of children: to prevent overtreatment to avoid secondary injury, and to eliminate the excessive worries and worries of children and their families about the disease.…”

A review on the role of miR-671 in human disorders

“…miR-671-5p has also been among miRNAs participating in the pathogenesis of periodontitis through establishment of ceRNA regulatory network regulating autophagy ( Bian et al, 2022 ). miR-671 has also been found to be down-regulated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( Tang et al, 2019 ), hand, foot, and mouth disease ( Lin et al, 2020 ), placenta accreta spectrum ( Chen et al, 2020b ), coronary artery disease ( Zhong et al, 2020 ), Parkinson’s disease ( Uwatoko et al, 2019 ) and Kawasaki disease ( Zhang et al, 2018 ). Table 6 shows the detailed information about the role of this miRNA in human diosrders.…”