Biohydrogen production from hyperthermophilic anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable wastes in seawater: Simplification of the culture medium of Thermotoga maritima

Abstract

Biohydrogen production by the hyperthermophilic and halophilic bacterium T. maritima, using fruit and vegetable wastes as the carbon and energy sources was studied. Batch fermentation cultures showed that the use of a culture medium containing natural seawater and fruit and vegetable wastes can replace certain components (CaCl, MgCl, Balch's oligo-elements, yeast extract, KHPO and KHPO) present in basal medium. However, a source of nitrogen and sulfur remained necessary for biohydrogen production. When fruit and vegetable waste collected from a wholesale market landfill was used, no decreases in total H production (139 mmol L) or H yield (3.46 mol mol) was observed.

Enhancement of fermentative hydrogen production by Thermotoga maritima through hyperthermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of fruit-vegetable and fish wastes

“…Bacterial strains and culture conditions T. maritima DSM 3109 was obtained from the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ). The culture medium of T. maritima contained FVW, natural seawater, NH 4 Cl (1 g L À1 ), and cysteine HCl (0.3 g L À1 ) as reported by Saidi et al [19]. The pH was adjusted at 7.0 with 1M NaOH and distributed into 250 mL serum bottles with a working volume of 60 mL.…”

“…Batch fermentations of T. maritima were performed in a STR of 2.5 L as described by Saidi et al [19]. The STR with a working volume of 1.1 L was inoculated with a preculture of T. maritima (10% v/v).…”

“…Total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total organic carbon (TOC), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pH of the substrates were determined according to standard methods [31]. Determination of carbohydrate concentrations was performed using the anthrone sulfuric acid method as described by Saidi et al [19]. Cellulose and hemicelluloses concentrations were measured according to Sun et al [32].…”

“…It contains (g L À1 ) NaCl (27.133), MgCl 2 (2.504), MgSO 4 (3.382), CaCl 2 (1.167), KCl (0.742), NaHCO 3 (0.207), NaBr (0.085) and total salts (35.220) [18]. Therefore, Saidi et al [19] reported that using a simplified culture medium composed of fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW) and natural seawater provided several nutrients which have replaced certain components necessary for T. maritima growth. The maximum hydrogen productivity and the hydrogen yield were 12.4 mmol h À1 L À1 and 3.89 mol H 2 mol À1 hexose, respectively [19].…”

Evaluation of Anaerobic Co-Digestion to Enhance the Efficiency of Livestock Manure Anaerobic Digestion

“…This increase in energy consumption has, in turn, led to an increase in the demand for fossil fuel, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which are used as primary energy sources, thereby resulting in higher costs of fossil fuels [1]. Since fossil fuels are known to be one of the sources of environmental pollution, such as greenhouse gas emissions, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly and renewable energy sources that can replace fossil fuels worldwide [2,3]. Accordingly, research has been conducted for the production of new and renewable energy using biomass that is low in cost [4].…”