Biohybrid neural interfaces: improving the biological integration of neural implants

Boulingre, Marjolaine; Portillo-Lara, Roberto; Green, Rylie A.

doi:10.1039/d3cc05006h

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…Biohybrid approaches, in which living cells integrated with stimulation electrodes are grafted into the tissue, have been proposed to overcome these challenges [23,24,25,26,27,28]. While allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantations of neurons and organoids into adult brains have functionally integrated new neurons into developed neural networks [29,30], neural implants have yet to leverage this for improving biocompatibility, cell specificity and stimulation resolution.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15].Commercially available deep brain electrodes have up to 8 electrodes that each stimulate a cubic millimeter of neural tissue including thousands of neurons [16] and axons. Miniaturization of the electrodes combined with improved stimulation protocols have increased the specificity to ∼10 neurons [8]; nevertheless, electrode alignment [17], lack of cell specificity [18,19,20,21], and the immune response [22] limit the feasibility of this technology for long term sensory neurorehabilitation.Biohybrid approaches, in which living cells integrated with stimulation electrodes are grafted into the tissue, have been proposed to overcome these challenges [23,24,25,26,27,28]. While allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantations of neurons and organoids into adult brains have functionally integrated new neurons into developed neural networks [29,30], neural implants have yet to leverage this for improving biocompatibility, cell specificity and stimulation resolution.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An implantable biohybrid nerve model towards synaptic deep brain stimulation

Sifringer,

Fratzl,

Clément

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Restoring functional vision in blind patients lacking a healthy optic nerve requires bypassing retinal circuits, ideally, by directly stimulating the visual thalamus. However, available deep brain stimulation electrodes do not provide the resolution required for vision restoration. We developed an implantable biohybrid nerve model designed for synaptic stimulation of deep brain targets. The interface combines a stretchable stimulation array with an aligned microfluidic axon guidance system seeded with neural spheroids to facilitate the development of a 3 mm long nerve-like structure. A bioresorbable hydrogel nerve conduit was used as a bridge between the tissue and the biohybrid implant. We demonstrated stimulation of spheroids within the biohybrid structurein vitroand used high-density CMOS microelectrode arrays to show faithful activity conduction across the device. Finally, implantation of the biohybrid nerve onto the mouse cortex showed that neural spheroids grow axonsin vivoand remain functionally active for more than 22 days post-implantation.

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Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

An implantable biohybrid nerve model towards synaptic deep brain stimulation

Sifringer,

Fratzl,

Clément

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Neural electrodes, as devices for recording and stimulating neural activity, are crucial components for establishing connections between the human brain and the external world. , They enable high-precision and wide-range recording of neuronal discharge patterns and can be used to modulate neuronal activity through electrical stimulation, offering potential for alleviating and treating neurological disorders, − holding immense potential for treating neurological disorders. , Implantable neural electrodes invade the brain directly without filtering through the cortex and skull, thus providing high spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for signal transmission . However, since the electrodes are in direct contact with tissue, issues such as corrosion of metal components and interaction with biological tissue can arise, leading to immune responses .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Optimized Electrodes for Highly Sensitive and Biocompatible Neural Recording

Liu,

Wang,

Sun

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Neural electrodes are the core components of neural interfaces, which are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders by accurately detecting and regulating the bioelectric activity. However, traditional electrodes face challenges such as low acquisition sensitivity and poor biocompatibility due to limited charge injection capability and mechanical mismatch at the tissue–electrode interface. Herein, we developed two-dimensional (2D) quantum material-modified electrodes based on WSe2 and WS2 quantum dots (QDs) that achieved improvements in both signal recording quality and biocompatibility. Due to the significantly increased effective reaction surface area and faster electronic transfer, the impedance and CSCc of 2D optimized electrodes have improved by 2.4-fold and 4.0-fold, respectively, which resulted in enhanced in vivo detection sensitivity over the entire frequency range. The 2D optimized electrode exhibits excellent mechanical and long-term stability, with a maximum CSCc of over 88.6%, ensuring the long-term stability of electrode structure and performance. Excellent antioxidant and CAT-like activity of 2D optimized electrodes reduce glial scar and neuronal death and improve the biocompatibility of the neural interface. The current work has laid the foundation for the application of materials such as TMDs and MXenes in neural electrodes, holding great promise for advancements in neuroscience research and medical applications.

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“…Neuroelectrodes are essential tools for studying brain function and clinically monitoring neurological disorders. 1–5 Recent advances in implantable neuroelectrodes for brain science research have primarily focused on developing soft devices, aiming to overcome the drawbacks of traditional rigid devices. 4–7 Soft devices can mechanically conform to the brain and adapt to its micromotion and deformation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…1–5 Recent advances in implantable neuroelectrodes for brain science research have primarily focused on developing soft devices, aiming to overcome the drawbacks of traditional rigid devices. 4–7 Soft devices can mechanically conform to the brain and adapt to its micromotion and deformation. 4 Among the soft devices, electrodes based on conducting polymers (CPs) have attracted a surge of interest due to their high spatial resolution, flexibility and outstanding biocompatibility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%