Biography of Louis Braille and Invention of the Braille Alphabet

Jiménez, Javier Tapias; Olea, Jesús; Torres, J.; Alonso, Isabel; Harder, Dirk; Fischer, Konstanze

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2008.10.006

Cited by 67 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Braille is a reading and writing system for the blind and the visually impaired that uses six tactile raised dots. It was invented by a blind Frenchman, Louis Braille, in 1825 (Jiménez et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligand orientation governs conjugation capacity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1

Takaoka

Ohta

Takeuchi

et al. 2010

The Journal of Biochemistry

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UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein that catalyses glucuronidation. Mutant UGT1A1 possesses a different conjugation capacity, and the molecular mechanisms regulating these conjugation reactions are as yet unclear. To elucidate these molecular mechanisms, we simulated and analysed the glucuronidation of wild-type UGT1A1 and six UGT1A1 mutants, with bilirubin as the substrate. We found that only the orientation of the substrates correlated with the conjugation capacity in in vitro experiments. Inasmuch as glucuronidation is an intermolecular rearrangement reaction, we find that the conjugation reaction proceeds only when the hydroxyl group of the substrate is oriented towards the coenzyme, which allows the proton transfer to occur.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligand orientation governs conjugation capacity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1

Takaoka

Ohta

Takeuchi

et al. 2010

The Journal of Biochemistry

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“…Braille is a write and print system for visual impairment people in which letters and numbers are identified by various arrangements of dots that are tactile [9]. It is a technique by which people with low or blindness can read and write.…”

Section: Using Braille Alphabetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Device for persons with low vision

Vlad

Daniela

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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As defined by http://www.lowvision.org, "low vision is a bilateral impairment to vision that significantly impairs the functioning of the patient and cannot be adequately corrected with medical, surgical, therapy, conventional eyewear or contact lenses". The device is a keyboard that can be connected to any computer, phone or tablet via cable or Bluetooth. The keyboard will have eight buttons, two of them are predefined, and the other 6 form the Braille language cell.

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“…Braille is a special system which allows the visually impaired individuals to access to the texts. As this can be made through a keyboard, it may also be used with an embossed monitor (Jimenes et al, 2009). Various tools using Braille were developed (Hughes et al, 2011;Jianga et al, 2002;Debowskaa et al, 2013).…”

Section: Education Portal and Accessibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Education Portal for Visually Impaired

Yurtay

Adak

2015

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences

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It is a major problem for visually impaired people to access to information readily. Although, there are a plenty of written sources, the number of recorded sources are limited. So how can we make visually impaired to use online educational material? In this study, it is aimed to develop a distance education portal that makes educational materials and sources easily accessible to visually impaired. It enables an easy access to a variety of education packages with different contents and durations. The distance education portal developed in this study is coded in PHP, and MySQL is used for the database. JAWS is used as the screen reading software. HTML pages are coded using HTML5 and CSS3 technologies, and are designed to be compatible with JAWS. Distance education portal for visual impaired is designed using new tools, and successful results are obtained with help of JAWS screen reading software. The portal will provide the visually impaired with many dynamic and interactive educational opportunities. Therefore, it would be reasonable to use the portal to offer all or part of any special or vocational education in varying content.

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Biography of Louis Braille and Invention of the Braille Alphabet

Cited by 67 publications

References 3 publications

Ligand orientation governs conjugation capacity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1

Ligand orientation governs conjugation capacity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1

Device for persons with low vision

An Education Portal for Visually Impaired

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