Biogeography of wild Arachis (Leguminosae):distribution and environmental characterisation

Abstract

Geographic Information System (GIS) tools are applied to a comprehensive database of 3514 records of wild Arachis species to assist in the conservation and utilisation of the species by: (a) determining the distributional range of species and their abundance; (b) characterising species environments; (c) determining the geographical distribution of species richness; and (d) determining the extent to which species are associated with river basins. Distributional ranges, climatic variables and indices of endemism for each species are tabulated. A. duranensis Krapov. & W.C. Gregory, the most probable donor of the A genome to the cultivated peanut, is distributed in close proximity to both the proposed donor of the B genome, A. ipae¨nsis, and the closest wild relative of the cultigen, A. monticola Krapov. & Rigoni. This region in the eastern foothills of the Andes and the adjoining chaco regions of Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay, is a key area for further exploration for wild Arachis. An area of particularly high species richness occurs in the State of Mato Grosso, close to the Gran Pantanal in southwest Brazil. Seventy-one percent of the species were found to have some degree of association with water catchment areas, although in most cases it was difficult to determine whether this was due to climatic adaptation reasons, restricted dispersal due to geocarpic habit, or the role of watercourses as a principal dispersal agent. In only two cases could climatic adaptation be eliminated as the reason for species distribution.

Genetic mapping of wild introgressions into cultivated peanut: a way toward enlarging the genetic basis of a recent allotetraploid

“…The identification of the wild progenitors of the cultivated peanut has been the object of numerous investigations using various approaches including cross-compatibility [5], molecular markers [4,12,20,21,49,50], biogeography [51], gene sequence comparison [52], physical mapping of rRNA genes [53] and Genome In Situ Hybridization (GISH) [6]. The most probable hypothesis gave A. duranensis as the wild donor of the A genome and A. ipaënsis as the wild donor of the B genome.…”

Identification and expression dynamics of three WUSCHEL related homeobox 13 (WOX13) genes in peanut

“…The world annual production of peanut is about 38 million tons (Bertioli et al 2011). Cultivated peanut is allotetraploid (AABB, 4n=4x=40) which originated from a single hybridization event between AA and BB wild species and subsequently underwent spontaneous genome duplication (Stalker and Simpson 1995;Moretzsohn et al 2013;Kochert et al 1996;Ferguson et al 2005;Freitas et al 2007;Gregory and Gregory 1979;Hammons 1982;Knauft and Gorbet 1995). Peanut gynophore is a specialized and unique organ that carries and eventually pushes the fertilized ovules into the soil in order for seed and fruit development to occur (Xia et al 2013;Moctezuma 2003).…”

Ecogeographical land characterization maps as a tool for assessing plant adaptation and their implications in agrobiodiversity studies

“…The importance of the groups of variables used to construct the ecogeographical map has been widely recognized: climatic variables (Allard 1996;Pérez de la Vega 1996;Ceballos-Silva and López-Blanco 2003;Ferguson et al 2005), edaphic variables (Marchand 1973;Lobo et al 2001;Ceballos-Silva and López-Blanco 2003;Jarvis et al 2006), and geophysical variables (Nichols et al 1998;Lobo et al 2001;Ceballos-Silva and López-Blanco 2003;Wang et al 2003).…”