Biogeography of Australian Seaweeds

Huisman, John M.; Cowan, R.A.; Clerck, O. De

doi:10.1201/9781315373096-10

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“…Five subgroups were identified: (i) eastern Australia-New Zealand, (ii) western Australia, (iii) India, (iv) Tanzania, and (v) Easter Island (Chile). Despite their occupying similar temperature zones, east-west segregation in Australia is common in algal flora [ 33 ]. A shared haplotype between eastern Australia and New Zealand may indicate an old relict, as reported by Nelson and Farr [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Phylogeography of a Turf-Forming Cosmopolitan Marine Alga, Gelidium crinale (Gelidiales, Rhodo-Phyta)

Boo

Bottalico

Gall

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Cosmopolitan species are rare in red algae, which have a low-dispersal capacity unless they are dispersed by human-mediated introductions. Gelidium crinale, a turf-forming red alga, has a widespread distribution in tropical and temperate waters. To decipher the genetic diversity and phylogeography of G. crinale, we analyzed mitochondrial COI-5P and plastid rbcL sequences from collections in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Phylogenies of both markers statistically supported the monophyly of G. crinale, with a close relationship to G. americanum and G. calidum from the Western Atlantic. Based on the molecular analysis from these materials, Pterocladia heteroplatos from India is here merged with G. crinale. Phylogeny and TCS networks of COI-5P haplotypes revealed a geographic structure of five groups: (i) Atlantic-Mediterranean, (ii) Ionian, (iii) Asian, (iv) Adriatic-Ionian, and (v) Australasia-India-Tanzania-Easter Island. The most common ancestor of G. crinale likely diverged during the Pleistocene. The Bayesian Skyline Plots suggested the pre-LGM population expansion. Based on geographical structure, lineage-specific private haplotypes, the absence of shared haplotypes between lineages, and AMOVA, we propose that the cosmopolitan distribution of G. crinale has been shaped by Pleistocene relicts. The survival of the turf species under environmental stresses is briefly discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%