Biogeographical patterns in the British and Irish flora

Preston, C.; Hill, M. O.; Harrower, Colin; Dines, T. D.

doi:10.1179/2042349713y.0000000024

Cited by 24 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Eryngium maritimum is a member of a group of British plant species, characterized by Crithmum maritimum , whose area of distribution has the second highest mean January temperature (5.2 °C) among the groups in Britain and Ireland recognized by Preston et al . ().…”

Section: Habitatmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

Isermann

Rooney

2014

Journal of Ecology

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Summary1. This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Eryngium maritimum L. (Sea Holly) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation. 2. Eryngium maritimum is a native perennial hemicryptophyte, with a large taproot, spiny and leathery leaves and a pale bluish inflorescence. It has a more or less continuous distribution in suitable habitats along the coasts of Great Britain and Ireland up to about 55°N, but it is more scattered further north. On the west coast, it is found south of the Hebrides, and on the east coast, with some exceptions, south of Yorkshire. In Europe, it has a wide, but mainly southern temperate, European distribution along the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic, the Mediterranean, and the Black and Azov Seas. Its northern distribution limit is at c. 60°N. 3. Eryngium maritimum grows typically on sand and shingle beaches, foredunes and yellow dunes, as well as in semi-fixed grey dunes. Its habitats have full sunlight and are more or less dry. It occurs in many coastal plant communities from the beach inland, and because of its wide European distribution, it occurs with members of several different biogeographical species groups. 4. Protected from grazing by its spininess and sclerophylly, E. maritimum is nevertheless vulnerable to direct damage by trampling. It supports few insect herbivores, probably because of chemical defences. Historically, it has had a great number of medicinal uses. 5. Eryngium maritimum is unable to withstand competition from faster and more densely growing plant species. In many coastal regions, in both temperate and mediterranean parts of Europe, it is one of the rarest and most threatened plant species, mainly because of habitat loss and land-use changes.Key-words: climatic limitation, communities, conservation, ecophysiology, geographical and altitudinal distribution, germination, herbivory, mycorrhiza, reproductive biology, soils Sea Holly. Apiaceae subfamily Saniculoideae. A long-lived, perennial herb with a long, well-developed taproot and thick and fleshy rhizomes extending laterally from buried stems. Reproductive stems 0.15-0.60 m; lower part often root-like and buried in the sand; aerial part pale below but with bluish tinge above, erect, robust, terete or sulcate, glabrous, solid and widely branched above so that the plant forms an open cushion. Basal leaves several; lamina 4-10 9 15-20 cm, leathery, glabrous, intensely glaucous, subrotund in outline and palmately 3(À5) lobed; base truncate or cordate; venation palmate and reticulate, the veins thick, prominent; margin thick, cartilaginous, with large spinose teeth; petioles about as *Nomenclature of vascular plants follows Stace (2010) ...

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Section: Habitatmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

Isermann

Rooney

2014

Journal of Ecology

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“…Finnie et al . () used biological records to identify ‘floristic elements’ in Europe; this approach was later refined using biological records in Britain and Ireland (Preston, Harrower & Hill, ; Preston et al ., ). Wilson et al .…”

Section: Biogeography and Macroecologymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A related approach is to use species co-occurrences to identify biogeographical boundaries. Finnie et al (2007) used biological records to identify 'floristic elements' in Europe; this approach was later refined using biological records in Britain and Ireland (Preston, Harrower & Hill, 2011;Preston et al, 2013). Wilson et al (2004) highlighted fractal dimension (FD) as a measure of fragmentation of a species distribution, suggesting that aggregated distribution patterns reflect range expansion, whereas a fragmented distribution is characteristic of the process of range decline.…”

Section: Biogeography and Macroecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond maps: a review of the applications of biological records

Powney

Isaac

2015

Biol J Linn Soc Lond

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Biological records are one of the most important sources of data for a large number of research areas. For example, their application has made valuable contributions to climate change ecology, where they are used to monitor species range shifts; to conservation ecology, where they are used to assess species' Red List status; and to biogeography, where they are used to highlight hotspots of biodiversity. A major benefit of biological records is the large spatial extent of the coverage combined with the fine spatial precision of the data: this combination is essential for any ecologist hoping to address large‐scale questions about biodiversity and environmental change. Because most biological records are collected by a vast pool of volunteer recorders, studies utilizing biological records have the advantage of large‐scale long‐term data that it would otherwise be unfeasibly expensive to collect. We review the application of biological records by focussing on four key areas of biodiversity research: biogeography, trend assessments, climate change ecology, and conservation biology. We showcase the diversity of insights that biological records have delivered, which in turn illustrates the contribution of the voluntary recording community to our understanding of biodiversity science. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, ●●, ●●–●●.

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“…In this paper we focus on British plant distribution maps (Preston et al 2002) at two time points (years 1970 and 2000). The methods used to collect the data underlying these maps suggest that the data are a reasonable approximation to presence-absence data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for uncertainty in colonisation times: a novel approach to modelling the spatio‐temporal dynamics of alien invasions using distribution data

et al. 2012

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A novel, yet generic, Bayesian approach to parameter inference in a stochastic, spatio‐temporal model of dispersal and colonisation is developed and applied to the invasion of a region by an alien plant species. The method requires species distribution data from multiple time points, and accounts for temporal uncertainty in colonisation times inherent in such data. Covariates, such as climate parameters, altitude and land use, which capture variation in the suitability of sites for plant colonisation, are easily incorporated into the model. The method assumes no local extinction of occupied sites and thus is primarily applicable to modelling distribution data at relatively coarse spatial resolutions of plant species whose range is expanding over time. The implementation of the model and inference algorithm are illustrated through application to British floristic atlas data for the widespread alien Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed) assessed at a 10 × 10 km resolution in 1970 and 2000. We infer key characteristics of this species, predict its future spread, and use the resulting fitted model to inform a simulation‐based assessment of the methodology. Simulated distribution data are used to validate the inference algorithm. Our results suggest that the accuracy of inference is not sensitive to the number of distribution time points, requiring only that there are at least two points in time when distributions are mapped. We demonstrate the utility of the modelling approach by making future forecasts and historic hindcasts of the distribution of giant hogweed in Great Britain. Giant hogweed is one of the worst alien plants in Britain and has rapidly increased its range since 1970, yet we highlight that a further 20% of land area remains susceptible to colonisation by this species. We use the robustness of this case study to discuss the potential for modelling distribution data for other species and at different spatial scales.

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Biogeographical patterns in the British and Irish flora

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

Beyond maps: a review of the applications of biological records

Accounting for uncertainty in colonisation times: a novel approach to modelling the spatio‐temporal dynamics of alien invasions using distribution data

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