Biogeographical and bioclimatic outline of Antarctica

Rivas‐Martínez, Salvador; Río, Sara del; Penas, Ángel; Herrero, Luis; Prieto, Ignacio; Álvarez, Miguel; Díaz, Tomás E.; Molero, J.; Rivas-Sáenz, Salvador; Cantó, Paloma; Costa, Manuel; Sancho, Leopoldo G.

doi:10.1080/11263504.2020.1840455

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…AAR is a temperature-dependent process and therefore age-calculation algorithms can be established only from samples located in areas with the same thermal history. The algorithms that Torres et al (1997) obtained for land snails from central and southern Spain (where the Costa del Sol is located) have similar current mean annual temperatures (Rivas-Martínez and Rivas-Sáenz, 2009). Moreover, these areas followed the same glacial-interglacial cycles since they belong to the Mediterranean climatic region (Rubel and Kottek, 2010; Chen and Chen, 2013) and show the same paleoenvironmental variations as those obtained by Sánchez-Goñi et al (1999, 2002, 2008) for the late Quaternary.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Development of Quaternary travertines in the carbonate mountains of the western Costa del Sol, Málaga, southern Spain

Guerra-Merchán¹,

Serrano²,

García-Aguilar³

et al. 2019

Quat. res.

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The predominantly carbonate nature of the mountains near the coast of Málaga and Marbella (Costa del Sol, southern Spain) and the presence of springs have favored the formation of travertine buildups during the Quaternary. The geomorphic characteristics of the slopes and the location of the springs have determined the development of three types of travertine growths: (1) spring travertines, located preferentially on the south mountainside, where the slope is steepest; (2) pool-dam-cascade travertines, which form along the north and east edges, far from the carbonate relief and with a gentler slope; and (3) river-valley travertines, formed in the courses of the springs of any sector. Field observations combined with new amino acid racemization (AAR) dating of Helicidae gastropods show that most of the travertine formations are polyphasic and that their development was interrupted by stages of erosion and incision. Five stages of travertine development are evident, most of which are related to warm, moist episodes corresponding to marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 7, 5, 3, and 1, although local travertine growth also occurred during MIS 6 and during the transition from MIS 3 to 2.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Development of Quaternary travertines in the carbonate mountains of the western Costa del Sol, Málaga, southern Spain

Guerra-Merchán¹,

Serrano²,

García-Aguilar³

et al. 2019

Quat. res.

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“…We then focused on the effect of annual mean temperature because it is known to influence the urban heat island (Ma et al, 2016;Wienert and Kuttler, 2005) and the phenological response of plants to urbanisation (Li et al, 2019). We then compared the phenological response of the five main vegetation types to urbanisation between the metropolitan areas of Europe's two main macrobioclimates: Temperate vs. Mediterranean (Rivas-Martínez et al, 2002). The classification of macrobioclimates relates to the earth's main climates and biogeographical regions and provides a simple interpretation and delimitation of the main bioregions of Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phenological response of European vegetation to urbanisation is mediated by macrobioclimatic factors

Díaz

Gutiérrez-Bustillo

Rojo

2023

Preprint

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Plant phenology is a crucial component of ecosystem functioning and is affected by multiple elements of global change; we therefore need to quantify the current phenological changes associated to human activities and understand their impacts on ecosystems. Urbanisation and the intensification of anthropogenic activities alter meteorological conditions and cause phenological changes in urban vegetation worldwide. We used remote sensing data to evaluate the phenological response (start of season date SOS, length of season LOS and end of season date EOS) to urbanisation in the 69 most populated pan-European metropolitan areas (i.e., those that include cities with a population over 450,000 inhabitants) for the period 2002-2021, taking into account the main vegetation types (evergreen forests, deciduous forests, mixed forests, sparse woody vegetation and grasslands). While our findings support previously reported general phenological patterns in response to urbanisation, we found that macrobioclimatic factors strongly determined the strength and direction of the phenological response to urbanisation intensity. In general, SOS advanced and LOS increased with urbanisation intensity across Europe. However, the greatest advances in SOS were registered in metropolitan areas in the Mediterranean region, where there was also more uncertainty in the relationship between SOS and urbanisation. The EOS advanced with urbanisation in metropolitan areas in the Mediterranean macrobioclimate (except for deciduous forests), whereas the opposite trend was observed in metropolitan areas from the Temperate macrobioclimate. Our results suggest that macrobioclimatic constraints operating at the continental scale mediate the relationship between urbanisation intensity and plant phenology.

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“…The soil has andic properties and can be classified as Vitric Andisols (Soil Survey Staff, 2010) laying over thick pyroclastic flow and fall deposits interbedded in the lava succession of Serra delle Concazze and Pizzi Deneri Formations (Branca, Coltelli, & Groppelli, 2011). According to the bioclimatic classification by Rivas‐Martínez et al (2002), the study site falls within the upper supra‐ and oromediterranean humid bioclimatic belts (Bazan et al, 2015). At the nearest weather station (Piano Provenzana, 1825 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen‐fixing cushion Astragalus siculus modulates soil fertility, microclimate, plant facilitation, bacterial and fungal microbiota along an elevation gradient

Bonanomi

Idbella

Stinca

et al. 2023

J Vegetation Science

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Question Cushion‐forming vascular plants are adapted to alpine environments and act as ecosystem engineers by moderating microclimate and creating a fertility island under their canopy. Most of the available studies on cushion ecology have been devoted to plant facilitation, but none used a holistic approach that considers the response of co‐existing plant species with other key ecosystem players. Here, we quantified the biogenic effect and facilitation capacity of Astragalus siculus, a spiny nitrogen‐fixing cushion plant, and test the hypothesis that the facilitation effect would increase with elevation as stress gradient. Location Mount Etna, the highest active volcano in the Mediterranean Basin. Methods We combined chemical characterization of the soil with a description of the soil microbiota by high‐throughput sequencing of bacterial and eukaryotic rRNA gene markers carried out at three elevations, that is 1650, 1900 and 2210 m a.s.l. In addition, we analysed the microclimate outside and inside the Astragalus canopy to assess the linkages between above‐ and below‐ground ecosystem compartments and quantified the occurrence of co‐existing vascular plants. Results Astragalus cushions have strong biogenic effects on above‐ and below‐ground conditions by dramatically increasing soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks at 1900 and 2210 m elevation. Moreover, a buffering of soil temperature and moisture regimes was recorded, with lower temperatures in summer but higher in winter inside the cushions. Cushions harbour a specific bacterial and fungal microbiota compared to external bare soil. Stem density and cushion height increase significantly with altitude, as does the nurse effect of the cushion on the growth and survival of co‐existing vascular plants. Conclusions As a result of cushion biogenic environmental changes, the effect of Astragalus on some of the co‐existing species shifted from negative or null at 1650 m to facilitative along the elevation gradient. Furthermore, our data show a relationship between Astragalus morphological traits and soil biogenic changes related to soil chemistry and microbiota that affect plant interaction and coexistence.

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Biogeographical and bioclimatic outline of Antarctica

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Development of Quaternary travertines in the carbonate mountains of the western Costa del Sol, Málaga, southern Spain

Development of Quaternary travertines in the carbonate mountains of the western Costa del Sol, Málaga, southern Spain

The phenological response of European vegetation to urbanisation is mediated by macrobioclimatic factors

Nitrogen‐fixing cushion Astragalus siculus modulates soil fertility, microclimate, plant facilitation, bacterial and fungal microbiota along an elevation gradient

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