Biogeographic patterns, origin and speciation of the endemic birds from eastern Brazilian mountaintops: a review

Chaves, Anderson V.; Freitas, Guilherme H. S.; Vasconcelos, Marcelo Ferreira de; Santos, Fabrício R.

doi:10.1080/14772000.2014.972477

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This is consistent with previous findings in other montane Neotropical regions geographically isolated from large highland systems (e.g. Serranía del Perijá in Colombia and Venezuela, Cadena et al , Gutiérrez‐Pinto et al ; Serranía de San Lucas in Colombia, Gutiérrez‐Pinto et al ; mountaintops in eastern Brazil, Chaves et al ; Mexican isolated Sierras, García‐Moreno et al , Barrera‐Guzmán et al ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Non‐Andean highland regions have been less studied, but various analyses suggest that mountain chains relatively isolated from the Andes are particularly prone to harbor endemic bird species or lineages, constituting centers of diversification. Examples include the mountaintops in eastern Brazil (Chaves et al ), Serranía del Perijá in Colombia and Venezuela (Cadena et al , Gutiérrez‐Pinto et al , Valderrama et al ), Serranía de San Lucas in Colombia (Gutiérrez‐Pinto et al ) and the Mexican highlands (the Central Mexican sierras and the Sierra de los Tuxtlas; García‐Moreno et al , Bonaccorso et al , McCormack et al , Navarro‐Sigüenza et al , Puebla‐Olivares et al , Arbeláez‐Cortés et al ). The endemic species or lineages found in each of these highland areas colonized them in different moments and came from distinct regions, and because of the low rate of movement between highlands these new populations evolved in isolation (García‐Moreno et al , Cadena et al , McCormack et al , Arbeláez‐Cortés et al , Gutiérrez‐Pinto et al , Chaves et al ).…”

Section: List Of the 11 Species With Endemic Subspecies In The Centramentioning

confidence: 99%

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First genetic assessment of the level of endemism in the avifauna of the Central Sierras in southern South America

Bukowski

Lavinia

Trujillo‐Arias

et al. 2017

Journal of Avian Biology

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The Andes constitute one of the main factors that have promoted diversification in the Neotropics. However, the role of other highland regions in the southern cone of South America has been barely studied. We analyzed the level of endemism in the avifauna of the Central Sierras in Córdoba, a high region in central Argentina, to evaluate the effect of its geographic isolation from the Andes. There are 11 species with endemic subspecies in this region, all of them described based only on differences in morphology (mainly plumage color) with no genetic evidence. We performed the first genetic analyses of seven of these species using mitochondrial DNA obtained from fresh tissue and toe pad samples. Our results show that for three of these species, Catamenia inornata, Phrygilus unicolor and Cinclodes atacamensis, the population in the Central Sierras is clearly differentiated from those of other regions, and the first two of them also show divergence among Andean subspecies. In the remaining species we found a varying degree of differentiation, ranging from a small divergence in Muscisaxicola rufivertex to the presence of different haplotypes but with an apparent lack of phylogeographic structure in Phrygilus plebejus and Sturnella loyca (being the latter the only species with a continuous distribution between the Central Sierras and the Andes) to haplotype sharing in Asthenes modesta. While further analyses including additional markers, morphological characters and vocalizations are needed, our results show that some of the species that have disjunct distributions, with a population in the Central Sierras isolated geographically from the Andes, possess distinct genetic lineages in the Central Sierras that suggest an evolutionary isolation from other populations. These findings highlight the importance of montane regions in general, and the Central Sierras in particular, as drivers of diversification in the Neotropics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: List Of the 11 Species With Endemic Subspecies In The Centramentioning

confidence: 99%

First genetic assessment of the level of endemism in the avifauna of the Central Sierras in southern South America

Bukowski

Lavinia

Trujillo‐Arias

et al. 2017

Journal of Avian Biology

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“…These areas are part of the Brazilian Shield sky islands complex ( sensu Warshall, ) and are on the border between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest domains, two biodiversity hotspots (Myers, Mittemeier, Mittemeier, Fonseca, & Kent, ). The campos rupestres is a megadiverse ecosystem with high endemism rates in a variety of organisms (e.g., Chaves, Freitas, Vasconcelos, & Santos, ; Jacobi, Carmo, Vincent, & Stehmann, ; Silveira et al., ), including anurans (Leite, Juncá, & Eterovick, ). Although it is distributed in <1% of the Brazilian land surface, the campos rupestres contains about 15% of the vascular plant richness catalogued for the country (Silveira et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionarily significant units of the critically endangered leaf frog Pithecopus ayeaye (Anura, Phyllomedusidae) are not effectively preserved by the Brazilian protected areas network

Magalhães

Lemes

Camargo

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Protected areas (PAs) are essential for biodiversity conservation, but their coverage is considered inefficient for the preservation of all species. Many species are subdivided into evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) and the effectiveness of PAs in protecting them needs to be investigated. We evaluated the usefulness of the Brazilian PAs network in protecting ESUs of the critically endangered Pithecopus ayeaye through ongoing climate change. This species occurs in a threatened mountaintop ecosystem known as campos rupestres. We used multilocus DNA sequences to delimit geographic clusters, which were further validated as ESUs with a coalescent approach. Ecological niche modeling was used to estimate spatial changes in ESUs’ potential distributions, and a gap analysis was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the Brazilian PAs network to protect P. ayeaye in the face of climate changes. We tested the niche overlap between ESUs to gain insights for potential management alternatives for the species. Pithecopus ayeaye contains at least three ESUs isolated in distinct mountain regions, and one of them is not protected by any PA. There are no climatic niche differences between the units, and only 4% of the suitable potential area of the species is protected in present and future projections. The current PAs are not effective in preserving the intraspecific diversity of P. ayeaye in its present and future range distributions. The genetic structure of P. ayeaye could represent a typical pattern in campos rupestres endemics, which should be considered for evaluating its conservation status.

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“…(Table 3). However, the species has not been recorded in these locations because of the lack of avifaunal surveys, or even because of its inability to colonize these areas through lowland barriers (Chaves et al 2014). Currently, the species is found in reserves with more than 1,000 km 2 , such as the Serra da Canastra and the Chapada Diamantina National Parks (1,711 km 2 and 1,246 km 2 , respectively), but also in small reserves, with less than 20 km 2 , as in the case of Ibitipoca State Park and Serra da Piedade Natural Monument (13 km 2 and 16 km 2 , respectively).…”

Section: Conservation and Protection By The Brazilian System Of Consementioning

confidence: 99%

How climate change can affect the distribution range and conservation status of an endemic bird from the highlands of eastern Brazil: the case of the Gray-backed Tachuri, Polystictus superciliaris (Aves, Tyrannidae)

2015

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How climate change can affect the distribution range and conservation status of an endemic bird from the highlands of eastern Brazil: the case of the Gray-backed Tachuri, Polystictus superciliaris (Aves, Tyrannidae).http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-06032015007513Abstract: The Gray-backed Tachuri (Polystictus superciliaris) is a Tyrannidae restricted to eastern Brazilian highlands. Its population and range are still thought to be declining mainly due to habitat loss, caused by land use. We evaluated the impacts on its range (increase or decrease, displacement in latitude and altitude), considering possible effects caused by inappropriate land use and climatic changes. For this purpose, we modeled its current range and estimated its overlap between the predicted area and future scenarios. We also analyzed the efficiency of the Brazilian reserves to the species' protection. The range established by the Maxent model was 76.1% lower than that available in the literature and presented a decrease in the future. Range contraction for the periods under consideration ranged from 22.5% to 77.3%. The distribution center shifts to the southwest (from 102.5 km to 275.4 km) and to higher elevations (1,102 m to 1,428 m). From the predicted range, 20% are under some kind of human occupation. The Brazilian reserves partially protect the species, with only 12% of its range, from the 44.2% expected. Based on these predictions, and depending on the species' dispersal ability and adaptation, it may become vulnerable in the period of 2080. This study demonstrates that the most important areas for maintaining populations of P. superciliaris now and in the future are those located in the 'Iron Quadrangle', especially the Serra da Gandarela, where it was partially protected by the recently decreed Gandarela National Park. This region should receive special attention because it is strongly threatened by iron mining in areas relevant for conservation located outside this reserve.

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Biogeographic patterns, origin and speciation of the endemic birds from eastern Brazilian mountaintops: a review

Cited by 45 publications

References 63 publications

First genetic assessment of the level of endemism in the avifauna of the Central Sierras in southern South America

First genetic assessment of the level of endemism in the avifauna of the Central Sierras in southern South America

Evolutionarily significant units of the critically endangered leaf frog Pithecopus ayeaye (Anura, Phyllomedusidae) are not effectively preserved by the Brazilian protected areas network

How climate change can affect the distribution range and conservation status of an endemic bird from the highlands of eastern Brazil: the case of the Gray-backed Tachuri, Polystictus superciliaris (Aves, Tyrannidae)

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