Biogeographic disjunction between eastern Asia and North America in the <i>Adiantum pedatum</i> complex (Pteridaceae)

Lu, Jin Mei; D, Li; Lutz, Sue; Soejima, Akiko; Yi, Ting‐Shuang; Wen, Jun

doi:10.3732/ajb.1100125

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Japanese A. pedatum and northeastern American A. pedatum diverged 2.47 mya. Northeastern American A. pedatum and Chinese A. pedatum subsequently diverged 1.09 mya [25]. The disjunctive distribution of northeastern American A. pedatum and Chinese A. pedatum through the Bering land-bridge in the mid-Pleistocene is very similar to the scenario for the disjunctive distribution of Asian and American E. arvense .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Single fern species are often distributed throughout the two continents. This contrasts with flowering plant distribution, in which the same species rarely occurs in both continents [24], [25]. One example is the Adiantum pedatum complex of leptosprangiate ferns: molecular data suggest that A. pedatum migrated from East Asia to North America through the Bering land-bridge and subsequently migrated from North America to East Asia [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Chloroplast Genome Differences between Asian and American Equisetum arvense (Equisetaceae) and the Origin of the Hypervariable trnY-trnE Intergenic Spacer

Kim

2014

PLoS ONE

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Comparative analyses of complete chloroplast (cp) DNA sequences within a species may provide clues to understand the population dynamics and colonization histories of plant species. Equisetum arvense (Equisetaceae) is a widely distributed fern species in northeastern Asia, Europe, and North America. The complete cp DNA sequences from Asian and American E. arvense individuals were compared in this study. The Asian E. arvense cp genome was 583 bp shorter than that of the American E. arvense. In total, 159 indels were observed between two individuals, most of which were concentrated on the hypervariable trnY-trnE intergenic spacer (IGS) in the large single-copy (LSC) region of the cp genome. This IGS region held a series of 19 bp repeating units. The numbers of the 19 bp repeat unit were responsible for 78% of the total length difference between the two cp genomes. Furthermore, only other closely related species of Equisetum also show the hypervariable nature of the trnY-trnE IGS. By contrast, only a single indel was observed in the gene coding regions: the ycf1 gene showed 24 bp differences between the two continental individuals due to a single tandem-repeat indel. A total of 165 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were recorded between the two cp genomes. Of these, 52 SNPs (31.5%) were distributed in coding regions, 13 SNPs (7.9%) were in introns, and 100 SNPs (60.6%) were in intergenic spacers (IGS). The overall difference between the Asian and American E. arvense cp genomes was 0.12%. Despite the relatively high genetic diversity between Asian and American E. arvense, the two populations are recognized as a single species based on their high morphological similarity. This indicated that the two regional populations have been in morphological stasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chloroplast Genome Differences between Asian and American Equisetum arvense (Equisetaceae) and the Origin of the Hypervariable trnY-trnE Intergenic Spacer

Kim

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…C. A. Paris, and A. viridimontanum C. A. Paris) in eastern North America, and one species A. aleuticum in western North America. The Asian Adiantum myriosorum is sister to the A. pedatum ‐ A. aleuticum clade (Lu et al, ). The age of the crown A. pedatum complex is dated to be at 4.27 (2.24–6.57) Ma.…”

Section: Ferns and Lycophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental disjunctions between eastern Asia and western North America in vascular plants highlight the biogeographic importance of the Bering land bridge from late Cretaceous to Neogene

Wen

Nie

Ickert‐Bond

2016

J of Sytematics Evolution

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183

161

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This review shows a close biogeographic connection between eastern Asia and western North America from the late Cretaceous to the late Neogene in major lineages of vascular plants (flowering plants, gymnosperms, ferns and lycophytes). Of the eastern Asian-North American disjuncts, conifers exhibit a high proportion of disjuncts between eastern Asia and western North America. Several lineages of ferns also show a recent disjunct pattern in the two areas. In flowering plants, the pattern is commonly shown in temperate elements between northeastern Asia and northwestern North America, as well as elements of the relict boreotropical and Neogene mesophytic and coniferous floras. The many cases of intercontinental biogeographic disjunctions between eastern Asia and western North America in plants supported by recent phylogenetic analyses highlight the importance of the Bering land bridge and/or the plant migrations across the Beringian region from the late Cretaceous to the late Neogene, especially during the Miocene. The Beringian region has permitted the filtering and migration of certain plant taxa since the Pliocene after the opening of the Bering Strait, as many conspecific taxa or closely related species occur on both sides of Beringia.

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“…As Paris and Windham (1988) reported in their morphometric analysis of fern taxa, discriminant analysis is effective at identifying hybrids. Their hybrids, however, were morphologically intermediate, similar to results from F1 eucalypt hybrids (Barbour et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Vegetative and Adaptive Traits Predict Different Outcomes for Restoration Using Hybrids

et al. 2016

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Hybridization has been implicated as a driver of speciation, extinction, and invasiveness, but can also provide resistant breeding stock following epidemics. However, evaluating the appropriateness of hybrids for use in restoration programs is difficult. Past the F1 generation, the proportion of a progenitor’s genome can vary widely, as can the combinations of parental genomes. Detailed genetic analysis can reveal this information, but cannot expose phenotypic alterations due to heterosis, transgressive traits, or changes in metabolism or development. In addition, because evolution is often driven by extreme individuals, decisions based on phenotypic averages of hybrid classes may have unintended results. We demonstrate a strategy to evaluate hybrids for use in restoration by visualizing hybrid phenotypes across selected groups of traits relative to both progenitor species. Specifically, we used discriminant analysis to differentiate among butternut (Juglans cinerea L.), black walnut (J. nigra L.), and Japanese walnut (J. ailantifolia Carr. var. cordiformis) using vegetative characters and then with functional adaptive traits associated with seedling performance. When projected onto the progenitor trait space, naturally occurring hybrids (J. × bixbyi Rehd.) between butternut and Japanese walnut showed introgression toward Japanese walnut at vegetative characters but exhibited a hybrid swarm at functional traits. Both results indicate that hybrids have morphological and ecological phenotypes that distinguish them from butternut, demonstrating a lack of ecological equivalency that should not be carried into restoration breeding efforts. Despite these discrepancies, some hybrids were projected into the space occupied by butternut seedlings’ 95% confidence ellipse, signifying that some hybrids were similar at the measured traits. Determining how to consistently identify these individuals is imperative for future breeding and species restoration efforts involving hybrids. Discriminant analysis provides a useful technique to visualize past selection mechanisms and current variation in hybrid populations, especially when key ecological traits that distinguish progenitors are unknown. Furthermore, discriminant analysis affords a tool to assess ecological equivalency of hybrid populations and breeding program efforts to select for certain traits and monitor the amount of variability of those traits, relative to progenitors.

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Biogeographic disjunction between eastern Asia and North America in the Adiantum pedatum complex (Pteridaceae)

Cited by 30 publications

References 73 publications

Chloroplast Genome Differences between Asian and American Equisetum arvense (Equisetaceae) and the Origin of the Hypervariable trnY-trnE Intergenic Spacer

Chloroplast Genome Differences between Asian and American Equisetum arvense (Equisetaceae) and the Origin of the Hypervariable trnY-trnE Intergenic Spacer

Intercontinental disjunctions between eastern Asia and western North America in vascular plants highlight the biogeographic importance of the Bering land bridge from late Cretaceous to Neogene

Vegetative and Adaptive Traits Predict Different Outcomes for Restoration Using Hybrids

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