Biogeographic and Systematic Implications of a Caimanine from the Late Miocene of Southern Mexico

Brochu, Christopher A.; Carbot-Chanona, Gerardo

doi:10.1670/13-134

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…However, a number of species from the middle-late Miocene of northern South America (Globidentosuchus brachyrostris, Gnatusuchus pebasensis, and Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis) also occupy early diverging positions within Caimaninae (e.g. Scheyer et al, 2013;Salas-Gismondi et al, 2015;Hastings, Reisser & Scheyer, 2016, this study), and the remaining Central American Miocene caimanine occurrences appear to be most closely related to South American taxa, including specimens that are similar to Purussaurus (Hastings et al, 2013;Hastings, Reisser & Scheyer, 2016;Brochu & Carbot-Chanona, 2015).…”

Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 57%

“…crocodilus (Silva Lacerda et al, 2020). If either this specimen and/or the late Miocene Mexican occurrence also belongs to this species, then Caiman crocodilus would represent an additional early dispersal of Caimaninae (Brochu & Carbot-Chanona, 2015).…”

Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, given that some extant alligatorids are known to periodically inhabit saltwater environments (e.g. Grigg et al, 1998;Brochu & Carbot-Chanona, 2015), the crossing of a small marine barrier might be the most likely scenario. The phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history of the recently erected caimainine Chinatichampsus wilsonorum from the middle Eocene of North America (Stocker, Brochu & Kirk, 2021) remains uncertain.…”

Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although absent from the USA post-Eocene, caimanines were present in Central America in the Miocene, with three species currently identified in the early Miocene of Panama (Hastings et al, 2013;Hastings, Reisser & Scheyer, 2016) (Fig. 32), and an isolated occurrence described from the late Miocene of southern Mexico (Brochu & Carbot-Chanona, 2015). These occurrences all predate the main phase of the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI), 2.6 Ma (Woodburne, 2010), as well as the full emergence of the Isthmus of Panama, between 3.5-2.8 Ma (O'Dea et al, 2016;Jaramillo, 2018).…”

Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem

Rio

Mannion

2021

PeerJ

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First appearing in the latest Cretaceous, Crocodylia is a clade of semi-aquatic, predatory reptiles, defined by the last common ancestor of extant alligators, caimans, crocodiles, and gharials. Despite large strides in resolving crocodylian interrelationships over the last three decades, several outstanding problems persist in crocodylian systematics. Most notably, there has been persistent discordance between morphological and molecular datasets surrounding the affinities of the extant gharials, Gavialis gangeticus and Tomistoma schlegelii. Whereas molecular data consistently support a sister taxon relationship, in which they are more closely related to crocodylids than to alligatorids, morphological data indicate that Gavialis is the sister taxon to all other extant crocodylians. Here we present a new morphological dataset for Crocodylia based on a critical reappraisal of published crocodylian character data matrices and extensive firsthand observations of a global sample of crocodylians. This comprises the most taxonomically comprehensive crocodylian dataset to date (144 OTUs scored for 330 characters) and includes a new, illustrated character list with modifications to the construction and scoring of characters, and 46 novel characters. Under a maximum parsimony framework, our analyses robustly recover Gavialis as more closely related to Tomistoma than to other extant crocodylians for the first time based on morphology alone. This result is recovered regardless of the weighting strategy and treatment of quantitative characters. However, analyses using continuous characters and extended implied weighting (with high k-values) produced the most resolved, well-supported, and stratigraphically congruent topologies overall. Resolution of the gharial problem reveals that: (1) several gavialoids lack plesiomorphic features that formerly drew them towards the stem of Crocodylia; and (2) more widespread similarities occur between species traditionally divided into tomistomines and gavialoids, with these interpreted here as homology rather than homoplasy. There remains significant temporal incongruence regarding the inferred divergence timing of the extant gharials, indicating that several putative gavialids (‘thoracosaurs’) are incorrectly placed and require future re-appraisal. New alligatoroid interrelationships include: (1) support for a North American origin of Caimaninae in the latest Cretaceous; (2) the recovery of the early Paleogene South American taxon Eocaiman as a ‘basal’ alligatoroid; and (3) the paraphyly of the Cenozoic European taxon Diplocynodon. Among crocodyloids, notable results include modifications to the taxonomic content of Mekosuchinae, including biogeographic affinities of this clade with latest Cretaceous–early Paleogene Asian crocodyloids. In light of our new results, we provide a comprehensive review of the evolutionary and biogeographic history of Crocodylia, which included multiple instances of transoceanic and continental dispersal.

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Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alligatoroideamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem

Rio

Mannion

2021

PeerJ

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“…This enhanced salt tolerance, in their view, led to non-alligatoroid crocodylians crossing oceanic barriers more frequently than alligatoroids, and becoming less endemic as a result. In their analysis, Taplin and Grigg Two aspects of the distribution of Alligatoroidea have posed particular biogeographical problems for researchers given their lack of crocodile-like osmoregulatory functions -the dispersal of caimans between North America and South America, and the dispersal of Alligator from North America to Asia (Taplin and Grigg, 1989;Brochu, 2010;Guest, 2014;Brochu and Carbot-Chanona, 2015). Alligatoroidea is assumed to have originated in North America (Taplin and Grigg, 1989) and a dispersal from there to South America would have occurred early in the history of the clade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and dispersal trends following the latest-permian mass extinction

Tarailo¹

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Thesis Supervisor: Professor Christopher A. Brochu Copyright by DAVID A TARAILO 2018 All Rights Reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My first expression of thanks must go to Chris Brochu for taking me on as a student, and for the support and advice he has offered me during my time at the University of Iowa. Without his generosity and guidance this dissertation would not have been possible. I am also indebted to the other members of the Brochu lab group, the Brochuchidae, for their help and support over the years. Special thanks go to Adam Cossette, who found himself in the same boat as me during this doctoral adventure, and to Amanda Adams, in whom I have found a companion for graduate school and beyond. I am also thankful to all of the other members of my defense committee: expressed great patience with my efforts to schedule my defense. I hope that my dissertation, and the defense I gave of it, earned me their confidence that I have earned this honor. The Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences provided me with funding for my entire tenure at the University of Iowa, a fact for which I am eternally grateful. Several staff and faculty members in the department deserve special mention, and these include Christine Harms, Angela Bellew, Tiffany Adrain, and Hallie Sims. This dissertation comes as the result o f a lifetime of interest in prehistoric life, and this was only possible because of the support both my parents gave me in my young fascination with dinosaurs and learning in general. I have been lucky to have a loving family on whose support I knew I could always rely. To each end every one of my family members I want to extend my deepest possible expression of gratitude. My dear friend Heather, who I think of as a member of my family, and who has been a positive iii influence on me for more than half my life, deserves her own special acknowledgement. Heather was there for me during some of the most difficult times of my life, and it I fear this degree would never have been possible without her help. I wish to acknowledge the paleontologist fellows I have met over the course of my professional journey. Sandy Carlson has been an enthusiastic and eager mentor since my time at UC-Davis. David Fastovsky made sure my head was on straight, and set me on a good and fruitful path while I was at URI. Dan Chure was a good friend as well a supervisor while I worked at DNM. All of the creators of dinosaur-themed art, merchandise, and entertainment that fueld my obsession as a child deserve a hearty thanks. Forefront in this enormous list (that could go on for pages) include Ray Harryhausen, Abstract The latest-Permian mass extinction was the greatest biotic crisis of the Phanerozoic. The extinction decimated both marine and terrestrial communities, and changed the evolutionary trajectory of multicellular life on the planet. The unique nature of the extinction's aftermath has prompted attention from paleontologists seeking to understand the timing and pattern of the Triassic recovery. With this dissertation I have sought to ...

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Geographic Distribution, Habitat, Reproduction, and Conservation Status of Crocodilians in the Americas

Villamarı́n

Escobedo‐Galván

Siroski

et al. 2020

Conservation Genetics of New World Crocodilians

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Biogeographic and Systematic Implications of a Caimanine from the Late Miocene of Southern Mexico

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem

Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem

Diversity and dispersal trends following the latest-permian mass extinction

Geographic Distribution, Habitat, Reproduction, and Conservation Status of Crocodilians in the Americas

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