Biogeochemical processes in infiltration basins and their impact on the recharging effluent, the soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system of the Shafdan plant, Israel

Goren, Orly; Burg, Avihu; Gavrieli, Ittai; Negev, Ido; Guttman, Joseph; Kraitzer, T.; Kloppmann, Wolfram; Lazar, Boáz

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.06.017

Cited by 42 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The SAT mechanism relies on the various bio-geo-chemical processes that take place during TWW infiltration. These processes begin even before the TWW reach the unsaturated zone- Goren et al (2014) described the variability in Carbon and nitrogen species through the hours of the day and in different seasons in a field study conducted in the SHAFDAN site (Goren et al, 2014). They found that the chemical composition of the TWW in the infiltration ponds responded to the day and night cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of oxygen as a limiting factor in SAT systems is especially prominent in the deeper areas of the vadose zone where natural aeration during the drying periods (DP) is limited. DOC and nitrogen species' degradation during infiltration depend heavily on processes like aerobic bacteria respiration and nitrification for which DO concentrations are of great importance (Goren et al, 2014). Mienis et al (2018) studied nitrogen behavior under the SHAFDAN's infiltration ponds through 40 years of operation (Mienis et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the role of operational dynamics in biogeochemical efficiency of a soil aquifer treatment system

Moshe¹,

Weisbrod²,

Barquero³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Sustainable irrigation with treated wastewater (TWW) is a promising solution for water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions. Soil aquifer treatment (SAT) provides a solution for both the need for tertiary treatment and seasonal storage of wastewater. Stresses over land use and the need to control the obtained water quality makes the optimization of SAT of great importance. This study looks into the influence of SAT systems' operational dynamics (i.e. flooding and drying periods) as well as some aspects of the inflow biochemical composition on their bio-geo-chemical state and the ultimate outflow quality. A series of four long-column experiments was conducted, aiming to examine the effect of different flooding/drying period ratios on dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and outflow composition. Flooding periods were kept constant at 60 minutes for all experiments while drying periods (DP) were 2.5 and 4 times the duration of the flooding periods. Our results show that the longer DP had a significant advantage over the shorter periods in terms of DO concentrations and ORP in the upper parts of the column as well as in the deeper parts, which indicates that larger volumes of the profile were able to maintain aerobic conditions. This advantage was evident also in outflow composition analyses that showed significantly lower concentrations of DOC, TKN and ammonium in the outflow for the longer DP. Comparing experimental ORP values in response to different DP to field measurements obtained in one of the SAT ponds of the SHAFDAN, Israel, we found that despite the major scale differences between the experimental 1D system and the field 3D conditions, ORP trends in response to changes in DP, qualitatively match. We conclude that longer DP not only ensure oxidizing conditions close to the surface, but also enlarge the active (oxidizing) region of the SAT. While those results still need to be verified in full scale, they suggest that SAT can be treated as a pseudo-reactor that to a great extent could be manipulated hydraulically to achieve the desired water quality while increasing the recharge volumes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the role of operational dynamics in biogeochemical efficiency of a soil aquifer treatment system

Moshe¹,

Weisbrod²,

Barquero³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Shafdan Reclamation Project in Israel uses six infiltration basins for SAT to produce up to 130 million m 3 of water annually for irrigation [59][60][61]. Optimal operation of the SAT system involves the carefully controlled timing of flooding/drying events to manage aeration of the upper vadose zone and exposure to the sunlight and temperature cycles.…”

Section: Total Organic Carbon (Toc) and Other Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimal operation of the SAT system involves the carefully controlled timing of flooding/drying events to manage aeration of the upper vadose zone and exposure to the sunlight and temperature cycles. In this manner, efficient nitrification is achieved and there is less opportunity for Mn-oxide precipitation and the clogging of pipelines [61]. Recharge occurs through >40 m of sandy soil and the estimates of P breakthrough times in recovery wells are >400 years based on P sorption studies and monitoring data from the site over its 25 years of operation [62].…”

Section: Total Organic Carbon (Toc) and Other Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Recycling via Aquifers for Sustainable Urban Water Quality Management: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities

Bekele

Page

Vanderzalm

et al. 2018

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is used worldwide in urban environments to replenish groundwater to provide a secure and sustainable supply of potable and non-potable water. It relies on natural treatment processes within aquifers (i.e., filtration, sorption, and degradation), and in some cases involves infiltration through the unsaturated zone to polish the given source water, e.g., treated wastewater, stormwater, or rainwater, to the desired quality prior to reuse. Whilst MAR in its early forms has occurred for millennia, large-scale schemes to replenish groundwater with advanced treated reclaimed water have come to the fore in cities such as Perth, Western Australia, Monterey, California, and Changwon, South Korea, as water managers consider provision for projected population growth in a drying climate. An additional bonus for implementing MAR in coastal aquifers is assisting in the prevention of seawater intrusion. This review begins with the rationale for large-scale MAR schemes in an Australian urban context, reflecting on the current status; describes the unique benefits of several common MAR types; and provides examples from around the world. It then explores several scientific challenges, ranging from quantifying aquifer removal for various groundwater contaminants to assessing risks to human health and the environment, and avoiding adverse outcomes from biogeochemical changes induced by aquifer storage. Scientific developments in the areas of water quality assessments, which include molecular detection methods for microbial pathogens and high resolution analytical chemistry methods for detecting trace chemicals, give unprecedented insight into the "polishing" offered by natural treatment. This provides opportunities for setting of compliance targets for mitigating risks to human health and maintaining high performance MAR schemes.

show abstract

“…The recharge and the SAT process take place in the coastal Quaternary sandstone aquifer, which also provides vast storage capacity that cannot be replaced by surface reservoirs. During the flow process of secondary effluent through the vadose zone and the aquifer, most of the biodegradable organic matter, suspended solids, bacteria, viruses, phosphorus, heavy metals, and other elements are removed from the effluents by a combination of geochemical, physical, and biological processes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The recovered effluents, after SAT treatment, are characterized by excellent quality for most of the measured parameters, which comply with the levels allowed by the Israeli Health Ministry for unrestricted irrigation of any crop [1,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Soil Tillage Equipment on the Recharge Capacity of Infiltration Ponds

Negev

Shechter

Shtrasler

et al. 2020

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Dan Region Reclamation Project (Shafdan) reclaims ~125 millions of cubic meters per year (Mm3/year) of treated wastewater from the Tel Aviv Metropolitan area. Following secondary treatment, the effluent is recharged into a sandy aquifer for soil aquifer treatment (SAT). Over the past three years, a decrease in recharge capacity was noticed. Several operational causes were considered including reservations regarding the tillage procedure of recharge ponds. Tillage of the recharge ponds facilitates aeration, breaking surface crusts and the removal of vegetation. The procedure includes deep (40–60 cm) plowing and shallow (10–20 cm) sweep-knives (SK) cultivator or discus. In this research, the existing tillage equipment was compared to a new equipment, which includes a deep subsoiler and a chisel-knives (CK) cultivator. The effects of each tool on the infiltration rate (IR), recharge capacity, and soil compaction were examined. The results suggest a significant improvement in the recharge capacity, up to 95% and 15% on average following subsoiler and CK cultivator treatments, respectively, with respect to the existing plowing treatment. In addition, the depth of the compacted soil layer increased from ~30 to ~55 cm after subsoiler treatment. It seems that this shallow layer, developed under an improper tillage regime, played a major role in the reduction of the recharge capacity. Essential understanding of other operational factors such as drying periods, preparation of the field, and soil micro-topography was also achieved.

show abstract

Biogeochemical processes in infiltration basins and their impact on the recharging effluent, the soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system of the Shafdan plant, Israel

Cited by 42 publications

References 39 publications

On the role of operational dynamics in biogeochemical efficiency of a soil aquifer treatment system

On the role of operational dynamics in biogeochemical efficiency of a soil aquifer treatment system

Water Recycling via Aquifers for Sustainable Urban Water Quality Management: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities

The Effect of Soil Tillage Equipment on the Recharge Capacity of Infiltration Ponds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About