Biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nitrogen in cool-season turfgrass systems

Law, Quincy D.; Patton, Aaron J.

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2017.06.001

Cited by 27 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the impact of mowing regimes on other facets of the carbon budget remains uncertain. Urban lawns are expected to be carbon sinks under typical management (Zirkle, Lal, & Augustin, ), but this magnitude will be relative to a variety of interacting management factors including retention of clippings, irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide use as well as climate, species composition and soil characteristics (Law & Patton, ; Lilly, Jenkins, & Carroll, ; Poeplau, Marstorp, Thored, & Kätterer, ; Selhorst & Lal, ). Further research is needed to disentangle the effects of mowing from management and environmental factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and economic benefits of low‐intensity urban lawn management

Watson

Carignan‐Guillemette

Turcotte

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Intensive management of urban lawns is globally widespread, predominantly for aesthetic reasons. However, a growing body of knowledge demonstrates negative ecological and environmental effects of this practice. We present a meta‐analysis of North American and European studies from 2004 to 2019, which incorporates three previously unpublished datasets from eastern Canada, to investigate how mowing intensity impacts the ecology of urban lawns. The meta‐analysis provides aggregated evidence that invertebrate and plant diversity is lower in urban lawns under increased mowing intensity. This decline is independent of the level of contrast between mowing ‘treatment’ and ‘control’ (e.g. height or frequency of mowing), which differed considerably between studies. Intensive mowing also increases the occurrence of pest species (e.g. herbivorous beetle larvae and allergenic plants), though studies in this group were limited to northern environments. Changes in ecosystem‐level variables (soil temperature, soil moisture deficit and carbon deficit) were less evident and suggest changes in abiotic processes may take longer to become apparent. An economic case study of the mowing costs in Trois‐Rivières, Canada, suggests that cost savings of 36% may be possible with a modest reduction of mowing frequency. Synthesis and Applications. Increasing urban biodiversity and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are strong motivators for reducing lawn management intensity. We also suggest that the benefits of reducing pest species while saving lawn management costs may provide additional social and economic incentives for decision makers to review urban greenspace management practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and economic benefits of low‐intensity urban lawn management

Watson

Carignan‐Guillemette

Turcotte

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…Golubiewski (2006) found that urban turfgrass systems store more C, nearly double in some cases, than local native grasslands or agricultural fields on a per‐area basis. Accumulation of soil OC has been documented to be a major factor offsetting greenhouse gas emissions (Golubiewski, 2006; Law & Patton, 2017; Townsend‐Small & Czimczik, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosolids amendments improve an anthropogenically disturbed urban turfgrass system

2020

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Rehabilitating anthropogenically disturbed soils is vital to restore soil functionality and improve plant growth. Biosolids can be used to improve such soils and increase soil organic C (OC) stocks, but repeated applications of such organic byproducts may result in excess soil P. Here, we present further data that complete the observations for a 5-yr study (September 2013-October 2018) conducted on an anthropogenic soil tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) system. This study compared the effects of irrigation strategies (with or without irrigation during summer heat stress) and soil amendments (annual applications of biosolids products and a conventional synthetic fertilizer) for improving soil properties and tall fescue health. Biosolids amendments applied at the agronomic N rate (ANR) reduced soil bulk density at the 0-to 5-cm depth by 33-53% and at the 5-to 10-cm depth by 4-9% relative to synthetic fertilizer. Soil OC in the top 10 cm increased from 1.74 to 13.6 g OC kg −1 (i.e., +682%) over the 5-yr period for the conventionally fertilized tall fescue, and larger gains were observed in the biosolids treatments. Repeated applications of biosolids amendments at the ANR increased total P concentrations; however, biosolids containing high Fe concentrations did not increase water-soluble P compared with biosolids applied at the agronomic P rate (APR) and synthetic fertilizer after 5 yr. Biosolids amendments applied at the ANR improved tall fescue visual quality (maintained acceptable quality 86-92% of the time), clipping biomass, and leaf tissue N accumulation (P < .05). 1666wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/csc2

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“…Qian et al. (2010) and Law and Patton (2017) were able to demonstrate different rates of SOC additions after establishment of cool‐season grasses. Residential lawn soil sampling (Hamido, Guertal, & Wood, 2016) or simulated residential lawns (Braun & Bremer, 2019) of warm‐season turfgrasses allow for comparison with this study in which bermudagrass golf course fairways were sampled.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon sequestration in bermudagrass golf course fairways in Lubbock, Texas

Gautam¹,

Young

Sapkota

et al. 2020

Agronomy Journal

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Turfgrasses benefit the environment through conversion of CO2 into stable C stored in soils. Limited research on the sequestration potential of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) has been conducted in semiarid climates. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil physiochemical properties of golf courses in Lubbock, TX, to determine C sequestration potential and longevity. Soil was obtained from fairways of five golf courses ranging in age from 13 to 93 yr. Shallow (0–7.5 cm) and deeper (7.5–15 cm) soil depths were tested for soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter, soil organic C (SOC), inorganic C, total N, inorganic N, and texture. After ANOVA and mean separation, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to group golf courses by soil depth or age. Soil organic matter and SOC decreased with depth, but the rate of SOC accumulation (0.22 Mg C ha−1 yr−1) was lower when compared with previous studies. Maximal C (35.1 and 23.7 Mg C ha−1 in the upper and lower depths) was consistent with previous studies, indicating that C accumulated for a longer period of time. The PCA explained 52.7% of variability in soil physiochemical properties on two axes, but PCA more effectively differentiated soil sampling depth than golf course age. High variability in data among fairways at a single golf course likely resulted in limited grouping capabilities. Including a broader regional representation of golf courses or sampling golf courses between 40 and 70 yr to quantify soils near maximal accumulation would strengthen future studies.

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Biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nitrogen in cool-season turfgrass systems

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Ecological and economic benefits of low‐intensity urban lawn management

Ecological and economic benefits of low‐intensity urban lawn management

Biosolids amendments improve an anthropogenically disturbed urban turfgrass system

Soil carbon sequestration in bermudagrass golf course fairways in Lubbock, Texas

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