Biogenic stabilization and heavy metal immobilization during vermicomposting of vegetable waste with biochar amendment

Paul, Siddhartha; Kauser, Heena; Jain, Mayur Shirish; Khwairakpam, Meena; Kalamdhad, Ajay S.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121366

Cited by 66 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Notable amounts of nitrogen losses are usually observed in the composting process. However, the use of biochar as co‐substrates in composting has been documented to have a significant impact on nitrogen dynamics . In this study, the initial increase observed in both treatments during the thermophilic composting stage might be due to ammonification of organic nitrogen compounds; this result is consistent with the findings of Wang et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Interestingly, biochar treatment showed a significantly high TN compared with no biochar piles across the composting period. This indicates that biochar might have created an enabling environment for nitrifying bacteria, which can convert ammonia (NH 4 + ‐N) to nitrate (NO 3 − ‐N) and thus help in conserving nitrogen in the compost matrix . At the same time, large surface area coupled with biochar high sorption capacity could have caused nitrogen immobilization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, large surface area coupled with biochar high sorption capacity could have caused nitrogen immobilization. This resulted in biochar absorbing more organic nitrogen ions, which in turn reduced nitrogen losses .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Bello

Deng

Sheng

et al. 2020

Biotech and App Biochem

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In this study, nutrient loss, the direct and indirect relationship between period, compost types, temperature, total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 −-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 +-N), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) were investigated during composting of cattle manure-maize straw mixture. This study findings revealed that biochar addition lowered NH 4 +-N but did not increase NO 3 −-N concentrations unlike no biochar piles during composting. The first-order kinetic models showed that biochar accelerated organic matter (OM) degradation and improved nitrogen mineralization, consequently reducing TN losses by 13.6% and OM losses by 12.66%. Transformation ratio of MBC/MBN, coupled with other chemical components of the entire microbial community, suggested a shift in the microbial succession and diversity during composting from the dominant bacteria and actinomycetes to fungi. The structural equation model and path coefficient revealed temperature to be the main factor mediating the evolution of MBC and MBN in composting. The physicochemical variables, phytotoxicity, and final product quality revealed that biochar incorporation to the composting feedstock is an ideal material for mitigating problems of TN and OM losses in composting and ultimately enhancing the fertility potential of the final compost product.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Bello

Deng

Sheng

et al. 2020

Biotech and App Biochem

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“…Most of them involve the physical extraction methods that need high energy and generally have negative effects on soil quality. Among them, stabilization or immobilization of heavy metals via reducing the heavy metals availability in the soil can be a suitable method that has been mentioned by researches (13,36,37). However, the experimental condition and its efficiency depended on many factors such as soil properties that can be considered in different research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Pb by organic and inorganic phosphate and calcium sources in an acidic Pb-polluted soil amended with cow manure

Baghaie

Keshavarzi

2021

Environ Health Eng Manag

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Background: Chemical stabilization of heavy metals in acidic soil is one of the important points in environmental pollution. Thus, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic amendments on lead (Pb) immobilization in the Pb-polluted soil. Methods: Treatments were consisted of applying cow manure (0, 15, and 30 t/ha), and applying cow bone and phosphate rock (5% (W/W)) in the Pb (0, 800, and 1600 mg Pb/kg soil)-polluted soil. The plant used in this experiment was canola. After 70 days, the plants were harvested and soil and plant Pb concentration was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results: Applying 15 and 30 t/ha of cow manure in the Pb (1600 mg Pb/kg soil)-polluted soil significantly decreased the soil Pb concentration by 14.3 and 17.2%, respectively. For plant Pb concentration, it was increased by 11.8 and 15.1%, respectively. A significant decrease in plant Pb concentration was measured, when the soil under cultivation of the plant was amended with 5% (W/W) phosphate rock powder. For the plants grown on the soil, which was amended with 5% (W/W), the plant Pb concentration decreased by 17.6%. In addition, applying organic and inorganic amendment significantly decreased the bio-concentration factor (BCF), while the soil microbial respiration increased. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that applying 15 and 30 t/ha cow manure or calcium and phosphorus sources such as cow bone and phosphate rock powder (5% (W/W) can decrease the soil Pb availability and prevent the Pb translocation from soil to plants.

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“…Pathogen free compost has a growing demand as an organic fertilizer (Pandey et al, 2016). Paul et al (2020) investigated the effect of biochar as an amendment to vegetable waste vermicomposting using epigeic earthworms; and found that vermicomposting process can be shortened by biochar while enhancing growth of earthworms. Further, it improved nutritive value of the vermicompost, reduced coliform bacteria while immobilizing the heavy metals during the process.…”

Section: Vermicomposting To Reduce Toxicity Of Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable organic waste management and nutrients replenishment in the soil by vermicompost: A review

Fernando

Arunakumara

2021

AGRIEAST: J. Agri. Sci.

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With the rapid growth of global population, food production and waste management are considered to be two major challenges faced by people in 21 st century. Though application of chemical fertilizers enhances crop growth, vigor and yield thereby meeting the food security, it depletes the quality of environment and ecosystems. Recycling of organic wastes is considered to be a feasible solution which could mitigate the issues of waste management while uplifting the status of soil health and nutrients. The objective of this article is to reviews the currently available literature on vermicomposting as a tool for recycling of different organic waste materials and subsequent use as organic amendment to improve soil properties and as organic fertilizer to enhance growth and yield of various crops. Furthermore, models were proposed to improve education on vermicomposting as a solution for organic waste management among farmers, students, government offices and general public and develop as a community based microenterprise. Vermicomposting is defined as a process where earthworms convert organic wastes into humus like materials. It has been investigated worldwide taking its practical significance into account. Vermicompost is found to be a good source of plant macro nutrients, micro nutrients and growth regulators, including humic acid, indole acetic acid and kinetin. Microbes live in the alimentary canal of the earthworms improve the quality of vermicast hence vermicompost. Furthermore, vermicompost could absorb heavy metals in soil and water while eliminating of human pathogens such as Salmonella spp, fecal coliforms, Shigella spp, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae and eggs of helminthes. Reviewed literature indicated the potential of vermicomposting to be used as an efficient technique for bioconversion of organic wastes into a valuable organic fertilizer. Furthermore, the present review suggests vermicompost production as a micro-enterprise which could be used to uplift the livelihood of the resource poor farmers through economic empowerment while assuring sustainable crop production.

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Biogenic stabilization and heavy metal immobilization during vermicomposting of vegetable waste with biochar amendment

Cited by 66 publications

References 76 publications

Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Immobilization of Pb by organic and inorganic phosphate and calcium sources in an acidic Pb-polluted soil amended with cow manure

Sustainable organic waste management and nutrients replenishment in the soil by vermicompost: A review

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