Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles as a Strategy in the Fight Against Multi-Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolated From Dairy Calves

Abstract

Infectious diseases are one of the most important health problems worldwide, one of the main causes being the development of multi-resistant microorganisms. Likewise, the zoonotic potential of some pathogens and their ability to transfer resistance mechanisms, reduce the therapeutic options in both humans and animals. Salmonella enterica is an important pathogen that affects a wide range of animal species and humans, being Salmonella Typhimurium one of the most frequent serotypes affecting cattle, causing enteritis, diarrhea, and septicemia. The search for alternative therapeutic approaches has gained importance since the emergence of multidrug resistance to antibiotics and periodic outbreaks of salmonellosis. In this sense, the discovery of new drugs and the development of new strategies, such as the use of nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity, are very promising. The aim of this work was the extracellular production of biogenic silver nanoparticles using fungal extracts and the evaluation of their antimicrobial activity against resistant and multi-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium strains. We here demonstrated the potential of the biogenic nanoparticles as effective bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents for use in biomedical applications. In addition, Confocal Raman Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy were used to advance the understanding of the antimicrobial mechanism of biogenic nanoparticles against these pathogenic strains, the results of which suggested that the nanoparticles produced damage in several bacterial cell structures.

Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Produced by Bacteria Isolated from University Campus Environment Soil Samples in Ras Al Khaimah

“…Due to the interfering effect of salt, the limitations of the usefulness of silver and silver derivatives are overcome by the use of Ag nanoparticles against microorganisms, which have been proven to be effective antibacterial agents (Estevez et al, 2021). Antimicrobial activity was also found in the biosynthetic AgNPs against all the test organisms used in this study.…”

The Antimicrobial Applications of Nanoparticles in Veterinary Medicine: A Comprehensive Review

“…A greater bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of biologically synthesized Ag NPs, concerning the solution of silver nitrate, the precursor of these nanoparticles, was found against multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella Typhimurium , isolated from animals with diarrhea and septicemia. This highlights the potential application of Ag NPs as an alternative against multidrug-resistant strains [ 23 ]. At the concentration of 25 μg mL −1 , Ag NPs completely inhibited the Salmonella strain, proving an effective antibacterial potential [ 24 ].…”

The effects of nano-silver loaded zirconium phosphate on antibacterial properties, mechanical properties and biosafety of room temperature curing PMMA materials

“…It is shown that the antibacterial properties of PMMA materials can be improved by adding nano-Ag-ZrP to PMMA materials. The presumed antibacterial mechanism may be attributed to direct contact between AgNP and the bacterial cell membrane, Ag + release, bacterial cell wall and cell membrane disruption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, bacterial substance leakage, and subsequent bacterial internal structure obliteration, culminating in a bactericidal effect (Ji et al, 2020;Hajipour et al, 2012;Dakal et al, 2016;Estevez et al, 2021). The staining results of S. mutans and E. coli on the surface of each group of specimens.…”