Biogenic Potassium Salt Particles as Seeds for Secondary Organic Aerosol in the Amazon

Pöhlker, Christopher; Wiedemann, K. T.; Sinha, B.; Shiraiwa, Manabu; Gunthe, Sachin S.; Smith, M. L.; Su, Hang; Artaxo, Paulo; Chen, Qi; Cheng, Yafang; Elbert, Wolfgang; Gilles, Mary K.; Kilcoyne, A. L. D.; Moffet, Ryan C.; Weigand, Markus; Martin, Scot T.; Pöschl, Ulrich; Andreae, Meinrat O.

doi:10.1126/science.1223264

Cited by 205 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 93 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

197

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Potential inter-site differences can be seen in this figure: the ATTO sample shows large inorganic inclusions coated by organics along with Na, Mg, and Cl representing the bulk of the higher Z elements. The particles present at ATTO also often look like either inorganic aerosols from biomass burning events or small biogenic K salt particles (due to the KCl or NaCl inorganic cores), or secondary organics, with a few particles appearing to be sea spray [56][57][58]. The ZF2 sample has a consistent circular morphology with appreciable mixing between the three carbon species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This cluster also contains the highest number of particles with collocated Na and S, which has been previously shown to suggest biogenic particles [69]. The HDOrg cluster also contains an appreciable amount of K and, given that one sample was taken at night, could include biological particles derived from fungal spores [58].…”

Section: Organic Clusters (Ldorg Hdorg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Elemental Mixing State of Aerosol Particles Collected in Central Amazonia during GoAmazon2014/15

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two complementary techniques, Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy/Near Edge Fine Structure spectroscopy (STXM/NEXAFS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), have been quantitatively combined to characterize individual atmospheric particles. This pair of techniques was applied to particle samples at three sampling sites (ATTO, ZF2, and T3) in the Amazon basin as part of the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) field campaign during the dry season of 2014. The combined data was subjected to k-means clustering using mass fractions of the following elements: C, N, O, Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Zn. Cluster analysis identified 12 particle types across different sampling sites and particle sizes. Samples from the remote Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO, also T0a) exhibited less cluster variety and fewer anthropogenic clusters than samples collected at the sites nearer to the Manaus metropolitan region, ZF2 (also T0t) or T3. Samples from the ZF2 site contained aged/anthropogenic clusters not readily explained by transport from ATTO or Manaus, possibly suggesting the effects of long range atmospheric transport or other local aerosol sources present during sampling. In addition, this data set allowed for recently established diversity parameters to be calculated. All sample periods had high mixing state indices (χ) that were >0.8. Two individual particle diversity (D i ) populations were observed, with particles <0.5 µm having a D i of~2.4 and >0.5 µm particles having a D i of~3.6, which likely correspond to fresh and aged aerosols, respectively. The diversity parameters determined by the quantitative method presented here will serve to aid in the accurate representation of aerosol mixing state, source apportionment, and aging in both less polluted and more developed environments in the Amazon Basin.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Organic Clusters (Ldorg Hdorg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental Mixing State of Aerosol Particles Collected in Central Amazonia during GoAmazon2014/15

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…SOA compounds may also coat coarse particles such as biological particles (Pöhlker et al, 2012). As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Ros Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species in atmospheric aerosol particles

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Fine particulate matter plays a central role in the adverse health effects of air pollution. Inhalation and deposition of aerosol particles in the respiratory tract can lead to the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may cause oxidative stress. In this study, we have detected and quantified a wide range of particle-associated radicals using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Ambient particle samples were collected using a cascade impactor at a semi-urban site in central Europe, Mainz, Germany, in May-June 2015. Concentrations of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR), most likely semiquinone radicals, were found to be in the range of (1-7) × 10 11 spins µg −1 for particles in the accumulation mode, whereas coarse particles with a diameter larger than 1 µm did not contain substantial amounts of EPFR. Using a spin trapping technique followed by deconvolution of EPR spectra, we have also characterized and quantified ROS, including OH, superoxide (O − 2 ) and carbon-and oxygen-centered organic radicals, which were formed upon extraction of the particle samples in water. Total ROS amounts of (0.1-3) ×10 11 spins µg −1 were released by submicron particle samples and the relative contributions of OH, O − 2 , C-centered and O-centered organic radicals were ∼ 11-31, ∼ 2-8, ∼ 41-72 and ∼ 0-25 %, respectively, depending on particle sizes. OH was the dominant species for coarse particles. Based on comparisons of the EPR spectra of ambient particulate matter with those of mixtures of organic hydroperoxides, quinones and iron ions followed by chemical analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we suggest that the particle-associated ROS were formed by decomposition of organic hydroperoxides interacting with transition metal ions and quinones contained in atmospheric humic-like substances (HULIS).

show abstract

“…9, a large fraction of TMAcontaining particles (74 %) are additionally composed of biomass burning tracers such as potassium (67 %) and levoglucosan (7 %). According to Pöhlker et al (2012), this internal mixture can be explained by potassium-containing particles acting as seeds for the condensation of organic material. Thus, the measured particulate TMA can be considered a secondary component that condensed on pre-existing primary particles.…”

Section: Internal Mixing State Of Tma-containing Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate trimethylamine in the summertime Canadian high Arctic lower troposphere

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Size-resolved and vertical profile measurements of single particle chemical composition (sampling altitude range 50-3000 m) were conducted in July 2014 in the Canadian high Arctic during an aircraft-based measurement campaign (NETCARE 2014). We deployed the single particle laser ablation aerosol mass spectrometer ALABAMA (vacuum aerodynamic diameter range approximately 200-1000 nm) to identify different particle types and their mixing states. On the basis of the single particle analysis, we found that a significant fraction (23 %) of all analyzed particles (in total: 7412) contained trimethylamine (TMA). Two main pieces of evidence suggest that these TMA-containing particles originated from emissions within the Arctic boundary layer. First, the maximum fraction of particulate TMA occurred in the Arctic boundary layer. Second, compared to particles observed aloft, TMA particles were smaller and less oxidized. Further, air mass history analysis, associated wind data and comparison with measurements of methanesulfonic acid give evidence of a marine-biogenic influence on particulate TMA. Moreover, the external mixture of TMAcontaining particles and sodium and chloride ("Na / Cl-") containing particles, together with low wind speeds, suggests particulate TMA results from secondary conversion of precursor gases released by the ocean. In contrast to TMAcontaining particles originating from inner-Arctic sources, particles with biomass burning markers (such as levoglucosan and potassium) showed a higher fraction at higher altitudes, indicating long-range transport as their source. Our measurements highlight the importance of natural, marine inner-Arctic sources for composition and growth of summertime Arctic aerosol.

show abstract

Biogenic Potassium Salt Particles as Seeds for Secondary Organic Aerosol in the Amazon

Cited by 205 publications

References 93 publications

Elemental Mixing State of Aerosol Particles Collected in Central Amazonia during GoAmazon2014/15

Elemental Mixing State of Aerosol Particles Collected in Central Amazonia during GoAmazon2014/15

Quantification of environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species in atmospheric aerosol particles

Particulate trimethylamine in the summertime Canadian high Arctic lower troposphere

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About