“…As mentioned above, enrichment culture studies (Papendick et al, 2011) have established the presence of viable methanogens in Walloon Subgroup CSG waters (cf. Li et al, 2008).…”
Section: Viable Methanogensmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Scott (1999) hypothesised that gas generative potential is proportional to the coal surface area (a function of cleat spacing) and the volume of coal consumed by microbial processes operating within the cleat system. Laboratory experiments by Green et al (2008) (Powder River Basin) and Papendick et al (2011) (Surat Basin) identified a direct relationship between methanogenesis rates and coal particle surface area, indicating that consumption of poorly-cleated low-rank coal is mass transfer limited. In both studies, methane production rates and yields increased with the addition of surfactants that served to enhance coal bioavailability, albeit ground coal particles were used.…”
Section: Bioavailabilitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furmann et al, 2013a;Gao et al, 2013;Orem et al, 2010). In the preliminary Walloon trial (Papendick et al, 2011), Taroom coal inoculated with Roma region formation water generated methane at rates of up to 0.9m 3 /t/day with overall yields of 3.64 to 6.17 m 3 /t. Significantly lower rates and overall yields were observed for Taroom increased rates of microbial CO 2 utilisation as a possible explanation for the generally higher gas contents in the central coal seams of the Walloon Subgroup.…”
Section: Reaction Rates and Water Flushingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Green et al, 2008;Harris et al, 2008;Jones et al, 2010;Klein et al, 2008;Papendick et al, 2011;Penner et al, 2010;Singh et al, 2012), reflecting the potential for sustainable regeneration of methane from engineered coal bioreactors. However, linking these bodies of research to MECoM exploration is still in its infancy, and there is no generally accepted exploration model.…”
Section: Potential Targeting Criteria For An In Situ Subsurface Coalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the case of the Walloon Subgroup, enhanced permeability (Hamilton et al, 2014a) and favourable water chemistry (Papendick et al, 2011) are likely to be vertically and laterally important factors. Reservoir temperature appears uncorrelated to down-hole gas content, at least in terms of methanogenesis and gas retention.…”
The sustainable in situ regeneration of microbial (biogenic) methane or microbially enhanced coal bed methane ('MECoM') is an emerging concept being investigated globally. Promising results and recommendations of a preliminary culture study of Walloon Subgroup co-produced coal seam gas
“…As mentioned above, enrichment culture studies (Papendick et al, 2011) have established the presence of viable methanogens in Walloon Subgroup CSG waters (cf. Li et al, 2008).…”
Section: Viable Methanogensmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Scott (1999) hypothesised that gas generative potential is proportional to the coal surface area (a function of cleat spacing) and the volume of coal consumed by microbial processes operating within the cleat system. Laboratory experiments by Green et al (2008) (Powder River Basin) and Papendick et al (2011) (Surat Basin) identified a direct relationship between methanogenesis rates and coal particle surface area, indicating that consumption of poorly-cleated low-rank coal is mass transfer limited. In both studies, methane production rates and yields increased with the addition of surfactants that served to enhance coal bioavailability, albeit ground coal particles were used.…”
Section: Bioavailabilitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furmann et al, 2013a;Gao et al, 2013;Orem et al, 2010). In the preliminary Walloon trial (Papendick et al, 2011), Taroom coal inoculated with Roma region formation water generated methane at rates of up to 0.9m 3 /t/day with overall yields of 3.64 to 6.17 m 3 /t. Significantly lower rates and overall yields were observed for Taroom increased rates of microbial CO 2 utilisation as a possible explanation for the generally higher gas contents in the central coal seams of the Walloon Subgroup.…”
Section: Reaction Rates and Water Flushingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Green et al, 2008;Harris et al, 2008;Jones et al, 2010;Klein et al, 2008;Papendick et al, 2011;Penner et al, 2010;Singh et al, 2012), reflecting the potential for sustainable regeneration of methane from engineered coal bioreactors. However, linking these bodies of research to MECoM exploration is still in its infancy, and there is no generally accepted exploration model.…”
Section: Potential Targeting Criteria For An In Situ Subsurface Coalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the case of the Walloon Subgroup, enhanced permeability (Hamilton et al, 2014a) and favourable water chemistry (Papendick et al, 2011) are likely to be vertically and laterally important factors. Reservoir temperature appears uncorrelated to down-hole gas content, at least in terms of methanogenesis and gas retention.…”
The sustainable in situ regeneration of microbial (biogenic) methane or microbially enhanced coal bed methane ('MECoM') is an emerging concept being investigated globally. Promising results and recommendations of a preliminary culture study of Walloon Subgroup co-produced coal seam gas
Isometric log ratios of proportions of major ions, derived from intuitive sequential binary partitions, are used to characterize hydrochemical variability within and between coal seam gas (CSG) and surrounding aquifers in a number of sedimentary basins in the USA and Australia. These isometric log ratios are the coordinates corresponding to an orthonormal basis in the sample space (the simplex). The characteristic proportions of ions, as described by linear models of isometric log ratios, can be used for a mathematical-descriptive classification of water types. This is a more informative and robust method of describing water types than simply classifying a water type based on the dominant ions. The approach allows (a) compositional distinctions between very similar water types to be made and (b) large data sets with a high degree of variability to be rapidly assessed with respect to particular relationships/compositions that are of interest. A major advantage of these techniques is that major and minor ion components can be comprehensively assessed and subtle processes-which may be masked by conventional techniques such as Stiff diagrams, Piper plots, and classic ion ratios-can be highlighted. Results show that while all CSG groundwaters are dominated by Na, HCO 3 , and Cl ions, the proportions of other ions indicate they can evolve via different means and the particular proportions of ions within total or subcompositions can be unique to particular basins. Using isometric log ratios, subtle differences in the behavior of Na, K, and Cl between CSG water types and very similar Na-HCO 3 water types in adjacent aquifers are also described. A complementary pair of isometric log ratios, derived from a geochemically-intuitive sequential binary partition that is designed to reflect compositional variability within and between CSG groundwater, is proposed. These isometric log ratios can be used to model a hydrochemical pathway associated with methanogenesis and/or to delineate groundwater associated with high gas concentrations.
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