Biogas Yielding Potential of Maize Chaff Inoculated with Cow Rumen and Its Characterization

Abstract

Human Life on earth is driven by energy and with the global challenge on best ways to manage waste, there is need to convert organic waste to bioenergy which will help reduce the rate of environmental pollution and over dependence on conventional source of energy. In this investigation maize chaff were inoculated with cow rumen using different concentration ratios (S/I) of 1:1, 1: 1.55, 1:3.5 for 25, 31 and 37 days Retention Time (RT) as design by Central Composite Face Centered Design to optimize the process and predict the best response. The result obtained shows that the mixture ratio of 0.65 (1:1.55) for 31 days gave the optimum yield while 0.65 mixing ratio for 37 days gave the maximum yield at 0.42L under mesophilic (20°C to 45°C) condition. The Flash point of the cummulative maximum yield was -164°C which is really flammable. The model F-value is 95.03, p-values is < 0.0001 which is less than 0.05 and both values indicate model terms are significant. Lack of Fit F-value of 0.43 implies the fitting effect is good. Its R2 value of 0.9855 is very close to 1 which is good. In addition, the biogas products were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The FTIR analyzes showed the presence of Alcohol and was further proven by 69% methane gotten as indicated by the GC-MS. Thus, the result shows high methane yield, flammability and suitability for maize chaff inoculated with cow rumen for energy production.

Parametric Evaluation of Biogas Production from Sawdust and Treated Human Faeces: Optimal Custom Design Approach

“…"Environmental pollution by solid wastes disposals and lack of access to adequate energy resources are among the major challenges facing human populace globally" [1,2,3,4,5]. "As energy demand is increasing astronomically, non-eco-friendly fuels became limited, more expensive, and carbon dioxide emission levels became of greater concern" [2].…”

“…[3,6,8]. Biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas can be generated from biomass origin, but the ease of producing biogas is easier compared to other types of biomass origin [1]. Furthermore, the associated harmful environmental and social effects with the use of typical biomass and fossil fuel have heightened the upward interest in the search for green sources of energy globally [9,10].…”

“…The advances of renewable energy such as biofuel is alleged to offer developing countries like Nigeria some panorama of self-reliant energy supplies at both the national and local levels, reducing their over reliance on fuels from fossil origin [1]. "Biogas regarded as the methane-rich gas with its left-over regarded as bio-fertilizer are produced via an anaerobic digestion that breaks down the organic material in the absence of air" [11].…”

Optimization of microwave-assisted biodiesel production from watermelon seeds oil using thermally modified kwale anthill mud as base catalyst

“…There exist global challenges to the usage of fossil fuels such as the rising cost of crude oil, price fluctuation on the international stage, the generation of environmental pollutants, and rising energy demand due to the increase in population. A need for renewable energy that reduces the rate of environmental pollution due to greenhouse gas emissions, and over-dependence on the non-renewable source of energy [ 1 ] is desirable. Currently, fossil fuel is fast depleting coupled with the environmental threat resulting from its usage; global warming due to the emission of mineral fuels combustion has made renewable energy more secure for the future of the environment [ 2 ].…”

Optimization of biogas yield from anaerobic co-digestion of corn-chaff and cow dung digestate: RSM and python approach

“…The biogas produced from this process is a good energy source that could replace fossil fuels in the generation of heat and power ( Weiland, 2010 ). Biogas is a biofuel produced from the decomposition or fermentation of organic materials from plant and animal waste in an anaerobic digester ( Iweka et al., 2019 ). There are two main functions of the biogas production system; these are the digestion of organic matter into biogas and subsequent use of biofuel produced for energy generation ( Bacenetti et al., 2013 ).…”