Biofuels: Production Technologies, Global Profile, and Market Potentials

Lee, Keat Teong; Ofori-Boateng, Cynthia

doi:10.1007/978-981-4451-70-3_2

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(72 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A variety of lipidsmainly composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and glyceridescan also be extracted from biomass and are most often converted into biodiesel (generally methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids, via esterification or transesterification), with glycerol being a major byproduct. − For many years, almost all bio-lipids for fuel production (>90%) were produced from edible plant oils (rapeseed, palm, and soybean). However, competition with food production has stimulated the use of other biomass sources, such as oil-rich energy crops ( Jatropha , Pongamia , jojoba, linseed, and cottonseed), inedible animal fat wastes (tallow, lard, oils from fish viscera), and waste from edible oils from cooking or frying foods.…”

Section: Biomass Deconstruction and The Generation Of Primary Buildin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, competition with food production has stimulated the use of other biomass sources, such as oil-rich energy crops ( Jatropha , Pongamia , jojoba, linseed, and cottonseed), inedible animal fat wastes (tallow, lard, oils from fish viscera), and waste from edible oils from cooking or frying foods. Other promising sources of lipids (as well as sugars) are algae and oleaginous microorganisms (third-generation biofuels), and their genetically modified or engineered analogs (fourth generation), − which may be composed of 30–70 wt% lipids (dry basis), with a potential generation of 6275–14 635 gallons of lipids per acre (10–24 times higher than palm, the most efficient oil crop) …”

Section: Biomass Deconstruction and The Generation Of Primary Buildin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical Routes for the Valorization of Biomass-Derived Feedstocks: From Chemistry to Application

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The drive to reduce consumption of fossil resources, coupled with expanding capacity for renewable electricity, invites the exploration of new routes to utilize this energy for the sustainable production of fuels, chemicals, and materials. Biomass represents a possible source of platform precursors for such commodities due to its inherent ability to fix CO 2 in the form of multi-carbon organic molecules. Electrochemical methods for the valorization of biomass are thus intriguing, but there is a need to objectively evaluate this field and define the opportunity space by identifying pathways suited to electrochemistry. In this contribution we offer a comprehensive, critical review of recent advances in lowtemperature (liquid phase), electrochemical reduction and oxidation of biomass-derived intermediates (polyols, furans, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and lignin), with emphasis on identifying the state-of-the-art for each documented reaction. Progress in computational modeling is also reviewed. We further suggest a number of possible reactions that have not yet been explored but which are expected to proceed based on established routes to transform specific functional groups. We conclude with a critical discussion of technological challenges for scale-up, fundamental research needs, process intensification opportunities (e.g., by pairing compatible oxidations and reductions), and new benchmarking standards that will be necessary to accelerate progress toward application in this still-nascent field.

show abstract

Section: Biomass Deconstruction and The Generation Of Primary Buildin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biomass Deconstruction and The Generation Of Primary Buildin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Routes for the Valorization of Biomass-Derived Feedstocks: From Chemistry to Application

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As previously explained, biomass can be converted to liquid and solid biofuels via thermal and biochemical processes; this biomass can also be transformed into gaseous fuels, i.e., biomethane, biohydrogen, biopropane, and biobutane, via gasification, thermochemical processes, or anaerobic digestion, also known as anaerobic fermentation of biomass [140]. This energy form also includes biogas, which contains primarily methane, butane, and propane [141].…”

Section: Gaseous Bioenergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Plant Biomass Derived from Phytoremediation of Potential Toxic-Metal-Polluted Soils to Bioenergy Production and High-Value by-Products—A Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phytoremediation is an attractive strategy for cleaning soils polluted with a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic toxic compounds. Among these pollutants, heavy metals have attracted global attention due to their negative effects on human health and terrestrial ecosystems. As a result of this, numerous studies have been carried out to elucidate the mechanisms involved in removal processes. These studies have employed many plant species that might be used for phytoremediation and the obtention of end bioproducts such as biofuels and biogas useful in combustion and heating. Phytotechnologies represent an attractive segment that is increasingly gaining attention worldwide due to their versatility, economic profitability, and environmental co-benefits such as erosion control and soil quality and functionality improvement. In this review, the process of valorizing biomass from phytoremediation is described; in addition, relevant experiments where polluted biomass is used as feedstock or bioenergy is produced via thermo- and biochemical conversion are analyzed. Besides, pretreatments of biomass to increase yields and treatments to control the transfer of metals to the environment are also mentioned. Finally, aspects related to the feasibility, benefits, risks, and gaps of converting toxic-metal-polluted biomass are discussed.

show abstract

“…The hydrolysis process of bioethanol production involves the breakdown of complex sugars (carbohydrates) such as laminarin, cellulose, mannitol, alginate, ulvan, carrageenan and agar in seaweeds to simple sugars such as glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, xylose and arabinose for fermentation to ethanol [53]. Various treatments have been used during hydrolysis of seaweed for bioethanol production.…”

Section: Hydrolysis Of Seaweedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweed Bioethanol Production: A Process Selection Review on Hydrolysis and Fermentation

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rapid depletion and environmental concerns associated with the use of fossil fuels has led to extensive development of biofuels such as bioethanol from seaweeds. The long-term prospect of seaweed bioethanol production however, depends on the selection of processes in the hydrolysis and fermentation stages due to their limiting effect on ethanol yield. This review explored the factors influencing the hydrolysis and fermentation stages of seaweed bioethanol production with emphasis on process efficiency and sustainable application. Seaweed carbohydrate contents which are most critical for ethanol production substrate selection were 52 ± 6%, 55 ± 12% and 57 ± 13% for green, brown and red seaweeds, respectively. Inhibitor formation and polysaccharide selectivity were found to be the major bottlenecks influencing the efficiency of dilute acid and enzymatic hydrolysis, respectively. Current enzyme preparations used, were developed for starch-based and lignocellulosic biomass but not seaweeds, which differs in polysaccharide composition and structure. Also, the identification of fermenting organisms capable of converting the heterogeneous monomeric sugars in seaweeds is the major factor limiting ethanol yield during the fermentation stage and not the SHF or SSF pathway selection. This has resulted in variations in bioethanol yields, ranging from 0.04 g/g DM to 0.43 g/g DM.

show abstract

Biofuels: Production Technologies, Global Profile, and Market Potentials

Cited by 12 publications

References 75 publications

Electrochemical Routes for the Valorization of Biomass-Derived Feedstocks: From Chemistry to Application

Electrochemical Routes for the Valorization of Biomass-Derived Feedstocks: From Chemistry to Application

Coupling Plant Biomass Derived from Phytoremediation of Potential Toxic-Metal-Polluted Soils to Bioenergy Production and High-Value by-Products—A Review

Seaweed Bioethanol Production: A Process Selection Review on Hydrolysis and Fermentation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About