Biofuels in China

Abstract

The Chinese government is stimulating the biofuels development to replace partially fossil fuels in the transport sector, which can enhance energy security, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and stimulate rural development. Bioethanol, biodiesel, biobutanol, biogas, and biohydrogen are the main biofuels developed in China. In this chapter, we mainly present the current status of biofuel development in China, and illustrate the issues of feedstocks, food security and conversion processes.

Contribution to the knowledge of seed-beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in Xinjiang, China

“…We did not find any specimens of Acanthoscelides pallidipennis in Xinjiang in our to study, however Tan and Yu (1980) recorded it in Xinjiang. According to Tan and Yu (1980) , the North American bruchid Acanthoscelides pallidipennis was introduced to China with its natural host Amorpha fruticosa L. a number of years ago. It has been a major pest of Amorpha fruticosa seeds in China.…”

“…We did not collect any Bruchus dentipes specimens in Xinjiang in this study, but Tan and Yu (1980) previously recorded Bruchus dentipes as occurring in Xinjiang.…”

“…The identification of some of the specimens were confirmed by Chinese Chrysomelidae specialist Tan Juanjie and Yu Peiyu of IZCAS twenty years ago. All the specimens were identified by comparing the external morphological features and the male genitalia morphological characters with some published articles again ( Lukjanovitsch and Ter-Minassian 1957 , Tan and Yu 1980 , Borowiec 1987 , 1991 , Kingsolver 2004 , Delobel and Legalov 2009 ).…”

“…Four tribes of the Chrysomelidae subfamily Bruchinae have been recorded in Xinjiang: Amblycerini , Bruchini , Kytorhinini and Rhaebini ( Anton 2010 , Tan and Yu 1980 ) and six tribes according to Bouchard et al (2011) : Amblycerini , Bruchini , Eubaptini , Kytorhinini , Pachymerini and Rhaebini . Kytorhinini and Rhaebini are monotypic and restricted to Central Asia and the temperate Holarctic region, respectively ( Borowiec 1987 , Delobel and Legalov 2009 ).…”

“…Despite this, little is currently known about the seed-beetles of Xinjiang. Fifteen species have been documented ( Hoffmann 1965 , Tan and Yu 1980 , Zhang et al 1987 , Xu 1991 , Anton 2010 , Sui et al 2011), but most of the records lack detailed information about their distribution.…”