Biofuel consumption, deforestation, and farm level tree growing in rural India

Mahapatra, A. K.; Mitchell, C. P.

doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(99)00056-2

Cited by 71 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Mahapatra & Mitchell (1999) opines that overdependence of rural households on biofuel, especially on the fuelwood, affects both agricultural lands and forests. Mahiri (2003) (2005) for the developing country perspective, discussed on the serious environmental consequences of the biomass fuel use due to the un-sustainability of production.…”

Section: Consumption Of the Biomass Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different studies (e.g., Balat & Ayar 2005, Mahapatra & Mitchell 1999, Mahiri 2003, Wijayatunga & Attalage 2002 indicate that collected fallen leaves of trees reduce the soil organic matter in the homestead forest floor. Their studies also show that due to over collection of biomass fuels, soil productivity reduce significantly.…”

Section: Consumption Of the Biomass Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consumption Of the Biomass Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Domestic use of biomass fuel in the rural Meghna floodplain areas of Bangladesh

Akther¹,

Miah²,

Koike³

2010

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionBiomass fuels contribute to the largest share of the energy uses in Bangladesh. Currently, biomass is the fourth largest source of energy which supplies 15% of the energy use in the world (Sudha & Ravindranath 1998). Only in the developing countries, traditional biomass fuels meet a large percentage (38%) of the total energy needs (Sudha et al. 2003). In some countries like Bangladesh, its use is as so high as 75-90%, mainly used for cooking and heating (Sudha et al. 2003). Woody and non-woody biomass in the form of fuelwood, crop residues and cowdung dominates as the energy source in the low income country. Rural households are the major consumer in this respect.About 77% of the populations in Bangladesh live in the rural areas and they need energy for their domestic use like cooking, crop processing, lighting, agricultural industries, social welfare and commercial activities (BBS 2006). Because of over exploitation of natural and homestead forests, fuel shortage intensity is being increased day by day. In Bangladesh, biomass plays an important role, especially in the rural areas, where most of the people live. The overuse of fuelwood is significantly sharing the deforestation process. In addition to this, there is an increased use of crop residues and cowdung as fuel which is depriving the agricultural soil of valuable nutrients and organic matter. However, the fuel choice by the households is influenced by the income, family size, educational status and the occupation of the household members (Rao & Reddy 2007). Sarker & Islam (1998) studied the household biomass fuel energy situation in the poor forest regions of Bangladesh. Miah et al. (2003) studied the biomass fuel use by the rural households in Chittagong region, Bangladesh. Jashimuddin et al. (2006) investigated the preference and consumption pattern of biomass fuel in some disregarded villages of Bangladesh. Akhter et al. (1999) studied the homestead biomass fuel energy situation of a forest rich district, Cox's Bazar. Rao & Reddy (2007) studied the variations of energy use by Indian households. Wijayatunga & Attalage (2002) analyzed the household cooking energy demand and its environmental impact in Sri Lanka. Xiaohua & Zhenming (1996) carried out a survey of rural household energy consumption in China.To know the biomass consumption and expenditure pattern in the rural households, no study was so far found in the Meghna floodplain zone of Bangladesh. Thus, the study was conducted to understand the biomass fuel consumption and its expenditure by the rural households in the specified geographical location. The findings of the study are expected to contribute to the sustainable energy development in Bangladesh. Methodology Study areaThe study was conducted at Raipura Upazila (local government unit under a district in Bangladesh) of Narsingdi district ( Fig. 1 Rural households in the developing countries constitute the largest share of the biomass fuel consumption. It is also a major source of energy in...

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Section: Consumption Of the Biomass Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consumption Of the Biomass Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Domestic use of biomass fuel in the rural Meghna floodplain areas of Bangladesh

Akther¹,

Miah²,

Koike³

2010

iForest

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“…Gaseous pollution emissions in India are essentially related to domestic biofuel and agricultural waste burning (Streets and Waldhoff, 1999;Sinha et al, 1998;Mahapatra and Michel, 1999). Sources are located both in the large cities of India, as well as throughout the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structure of the haze plume over the Indian Ocean during INDOEX: tracer simulations and LIDAR observations

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Three-dimensional, nested tracer simulations of a pollution plume originating from the Indian sub-continent over the Indian Ocean, in the framework of the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX), between 5 and 9 March 1999, were performed with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), to provide insight into the transport patterns of the pollutants, as well as to investigate the dynamical mechanisms controlling the vertical structure of the plume and its evolution in the vicinity of the Maldives Islands. Airborne and ground-based LIDAR observations of the structure of the haze plume made on 7 March 1999 were used to assess the quality of the simulations, as well as the impact of grid resolution on the vertical structure of the simulated plume. It is shown that, over the Arabian Sea, in the vicinity of the Maldives Islands, the pollutants composing the plume observed by the airborne LIDAR essentially originated from the city of Madras and that the vertical structure of the plume was controlled by the diurnal cycle of the continental boundary layer depth. A combination of tracer simulations and remote sensing observations (airborne LIDAR, ship-borne photometer, ground-based LIDAR in Goa) was used to analyse the diurnal evolution of the haze plume over the sea. We find evidence that the sea breeze circulation and orographic lifting taking place in the southern part of the Indian sub-continent during the daytime play a crucial role in the modulation of the continental boundary layer depth, and in turn, the haze plume depth. The eastward shift of the subtropical high from central India to the Bay of Bengal after 6 March lead to an increase in the tracer concentrations simulated over the Arabian Sea, in the region of intensive observations north of the Maldives, as transport pathways form Hyderabad and Madras were modified significantly. The nesting of a high horizontal resolution Correspondence to: G. Forêt (foret@lisa.univ-paris12.fr) domain (5 km, with 39 vertical levels below 4000 m above mean seal level) allows for a better representation of local dynamics, the circulation of sea and mountains breezes, and therefore a noticeable improvement in the representation of the pollutants' plume in the simulation.

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“…to 1.3.3. Mahapatra et al 1999 Survey conducted in 19941995 districts of Orissa Section 2 of this report offers energy consumption patterns in India over the last 45 years. Since developments in the commercial energy sector have a direct impact on the consumption pattern of traditional/non-commercial energy by households, most of which is fuelwood, a summary of developments along with future prospects of the individual sectors viz.…”

Section: Plan Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuelwood studies in India: myth and reality

Pandey¹

2002

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Biofuel consumption, deforestation, and farm level tree growing in rural India

Cited by 71 publications

References 13 publications

Domestic use of biomass fuel in the rural Meghna floodplain areas of Bangladesh

Domestic use of biomass fuel in the rural Meghna floodplain areas of Bangladesh

The structure of the haze plume over the Indian Ocean during INDOEX: tracer simulations and LIDAR observations

Fuelwood studies in India: myth and reality

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