Biofloc as a Food Source for Banana Shrimp Fenneropenaeus merguiensis Postlarvae

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of wet biofloc on water quality and feeding, growth performance, survival, and body composition of banana shrimp Fenneropenaeus merguiensis. The experiment consisted of the control group (feeding 100% commercial feed and 50% water exchange per day without biofloc) and four treatments in which portions of the commercial feed were replaced by wet biofloc (T2: 25%, T3: 50%, T4: 75%, and T5: 100%) with limited water exchange. Postlarvae of banana shrimp (mean ± SD weight of 4.5 ± 0.68 mg, density of 5 postlarvae/L) were experimentally held in fiberglass tanks with 170 L of seawater with salinity of 28‰ for 30 d. An acceptable range of total ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen was maintained in rearing tanks with wet biofloc throughout the experiment despite minimal water exchanges, but total ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were significantly higher in the control group. Postlarvae fed with 25% wet biofloc had significantly higher total biomass (222.36 g) and survival (76.27%) compared with the other treatments. A comparison of banana shrimp fed with 25% or 50% wet biofloc and those fed with 100% commercial feed did not show a significant difference in body composition. The highest levels of body ash (12.7% of dry weight) were obtained in banana shrimp fed with 100% wet biofloc. In general, it was found that up to 50% of commercial feed can be replaced with wet biofloc (developed under the conditions of this study) without compromising growth performance, survival, and carcass quality of banana shrimp postlarvae.

Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Aquaculture: What Goes Right, What Goes Wrong? A Scientific-Based Snapshot

“…Pacific white shrimp and Nile tilapia have been widely used as benchmarks in BFT [ 18 , 49 ]. However, the successful application of biofloc systems has also been observed in other species such as African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) [ 9 ], mullet [ 50 ], freshwater prawns ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii ) [ 38 ], black tiger shrimp ( Penaeus monodon ) [ 51 ], banana shrimp ( Penaeus merguiensis ) [ 52 ], giant gourami ( Osphronemus goramy ) [ 53 ], common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) [ 16 ], rohu ( Labeo rohita ) [ 54 ], and bluegill ( Lepomis macrochirus ) [ 55 ]. In addition to these individual species, an integrated approach such as polyculture, combining species like catfish and tilapia [ 56 ], aquaponics or FLOCponics [ 57 ], and integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) [ 11 ] has also shown promising results in recent developments.…”

Biological removal of nitrogenous waste compounds in the biofloc aquaculture system: a review

“…Numerous materials have been identified as potential carbon sources for BFT systems. These include acetate and glycerol (Crab et al, 2010), dextrose (Suita et al, 2015), cassava meal (Sena Fugimura et al, 2015), cellulose (Deng et al, 2018), corn flour (Wang et al, 2016;, glucose (Crab et al, 2010), molasses (Khanjani et al, 2021 c;Khanjani and Sharifinia, 2022), tapioca (Ekasari et al, 2014), wheat flour (Khanjani et al, 2016;, rice flour (Kumar et al, 2017), wheat bran (Zhao et al, 2016), rice bran (Serra et al, 2015), starch (Bakhshi et al, 2018;Khanjani et al, 2021 b), poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (Zhang et al, 2016), brewery residues (Sena Fugimura et al, 2015), and sugar (Bakhshi et al, 2018). These diverse carbon sources offer a range of options for optimizing the performance and efficiency of BFT systems.…”

Utilization of Unconventional Water Resources (UWRs) for Aquaculture Development in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions – A Review

“…Different shrimp farming systems have different effects on the environment, extensive systems require more land and thus, lead to the destruction of coastal ecosystems, but more dense systems cause more pollutions. Recently, the use of the new biofloc technique has been recommended to solve the problems (Khanjani et al, 2021 a, b, c;Khanjani and Sharifinia, 2022 a, b). In this technology, with proper management, the population of bacteria in water is used effectively (Khanjani et al, 2022 a, b).…”

“…Recently, the use of the new biofloc technique has been recommended to solve the problems (Khanjani et al, 2021 a, b, c;Khanjani and Sharifinia, 2022 a, b). In this technology, with proper management, the population of bacteria in water is used effectively (Khanjani et al, 2022 a, b). In this system, there is zero or minimal water exchange in order to maximize biological security and minimize the environmental effects of the farm Khanjani et al, 2022 c, d).…”