Biofilm Matrix Proteins

Abstract

Proteinaceous components of the biofilm matrix include secreted extracellular proteins, cell surface adhesins and protein subunits of cell appendages such as flagella and pili. Biofilm matrix proteins play diverse roles in biofilm formation and dissolution. They are involved in attaching cells to surfaces, stabilizing the biofilm matrix via interactions with exopolysaccharide and nucleic acid components, developing three-dimensional biofilm architectures, and dissolving biofilm matrix via enzymatic degradation of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids. In this chapter, we will review functions of matrix proteins in a selected set of microorganisms, studies of the matrix proteomes of Vibrio cholerae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and roles of outer membrane vesicles and of nucleoid-binding proteins in biofilm formation.

What's on the Outside Matters: The Role of the Extracellular Polymeric Substance of Gram-negative Biofilms in Evading Host Immunity and as a Target for Therapeutic Intervention

“…For many organisms, the structure and resistance properties of biofilms can be eliminated by protease treatment (19,20). Matrix proteins include secreted proteins as well as components of adhesins or motility organelles.…”

Glycoside hydrolase DisH from Desulfovibrio vulgaris degrades the N‐acetylgalactosamine component of diverse biofilms

“…Bacterial biofilms are cells embedded in a dense extracellular matrix; the intensively studied Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli biofilms indicate that these matrixes are usually composed of exopolysaccharides (EPS) (Franklin et al, 2011), extracellular DNA (Whitchurch et al, 2002) and proteins (Fong and Yildiz, 2015). Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough is a Gram-negative model SRB whose biofilm consists primarily of proteins (Clark et al, 2007), while the biofilm of another Desulfovibrio species, D. desulfuricans, consists of EPS that includes glucose (major carbohydrate), mannose and galactose (Beech et al, 1991).…”

Detection and Physicochemical Characterization of Membrane Vesicles (MVs) of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938

“…MVs represent a mechanism of communication between bacteria, and can modulate biological processes, such as biofilm development, quorum sensing, phage decoy, and horizontal gene transfer (Fong and Yildiz, 2015; Turnbull et al, 2016). Bacterial MVs can also deliver virulence factors to host cells in infections (Ellis and Kuehn, 2010).…”