Biofilm formation by Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola affected by abiotic surfaces and culture media

Abstract

Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola (Nayudu) Dye is the causal agent of bacterial canker of grapevine, which is the main grapevine bacteriosis in irrigated areas of the São Francisco river in the Pernambuco and Bahia states located in the Brazilian northeastern region. These states account for 99% of annual exports of the Brazilian table grape to Holland, Germany, England, France, Spain and the United States (Lazzarotto and Fioravanço 2013). Because there is no single most efficient method for the control of bacterial canker of grapevine, several preventive and eradication measures are recommended, making the disease control more difficult. This is mainly due to the ability of the bacterium to survive in infected plants, in symptomless plants as an epiphyte (Araujo 2001), in crop debris (Silva et al. 2012), in alternative hosts (Peixoto et al. 2007), in grapevine cutting tools and in water (Naue et al. 2014). Consequently, the disease continues to constrain the productivity of Valley vineyards, limit the sale of grapes in both national and international markets, and prevent the transfer of grapevine propagating material from the Brazilian states where the bacterium has been detected to other areas (Naue et al. 2014). Due to the economic damage caused by bacterial canker of grapevine, there has been a major effort to generate more information about X. campestris pv. viticola. Several bacterial species that affect different host plants and cause diverse disease phenotypes have the ability to adhere and form biofilms (Lorite et al. 2013; Zimaro et al. 2013;

Bidirectional colonization and biofilm formation by Erwinia psidii in eucalypt plants

“…Also, it has been shown that the ability of Xanthomonas citri pv. viticola strains to form biofilm is highly dependent on the type of surface (glass or polystyrene) and on the culture medium (Guerra et al , ). Notably, the ability of X. citri subsp.…”

Effects of Myroxylon peruiferum L. f. organic extracts in planktonic growth and Ralstonia solanacearum biofilm formation

“…However, this correlation (increase in cell multiplication and increase in biofilm formation) was observed only at the concentration of 4.0 mg.mL -1 of the organic extract obtained with methanol. Figure 1 shows the screening of the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of the organic extracts of leaves of M. peruiferum against a strong biofilm former CGH8 isolate of R. solanacearum (Malafaia et al, 2018). The results show that ethyl acetate extract at 3 mg.mL -1 was able to inhibit bacterial growth in 53.5%.…”

“…In recent years, the biofilm production was appointed as one of the most relevant virulence factors of many phytopathogens, including R. solanacearum (Ramey et al, 2004;Joe et al, 2015;Guerra et al, 2018). The biofilm production is possibly related to microorganism mechanisms that conferee physiological advantages as: tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions, to an abiotic conditions (such as water and nutrient shortages), to a drastic and sudden alterations of pH, to biotic as interspecific competition resistance to host-produced defenses (such as the production of antimicrobials) (Dow et al, 2003;Muranaka et al, 2012).…”

Biofilm Formation in Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni: Structure and Development

“…The ability of microorganisms to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surface causes numerous problems in human health [15,16] and in other areas of economic importance, including agriculture [17][18][19]. In plants, several bacterial species have been described to attach to surfaces and form biofilms and such aggregation has been associated with difficulties in disease management [18,[20][21][22]. Biofilms constitute a protected mode for the bacteria that allows them to survive in unfriendly environments, often being difficult to eradicate.…”