Biofilm Dispersion

Davies, David G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-19940-0_1

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…In this case, some parts of the biofilm get detached (cells+EPS) while the remaining parts keep on growing and/or producing EPS matrix (Kumar and Anand ; Kaplan ; Simões et al . ; Davies ). In addition, as for L. monocytogenes , some cells in the bottom layers of the biofilm are stained in red, indicating that these cells are dead or damaged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of incubation conditions on the formation of model biofilms byListeria monocytogenesandSalmonellaTyphimurium on abiotic surfaces

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of incubation conditions on the formation of model biofilms byListeria monocytogenesandSalmonellaTyphimurium on abiotic surfaces

et al. 2018

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“…Additionally, some degree of nutrient depletion in both suspension media can be assumed over the course of biofilm formation. However, general conclusions regarding the role of starvation on biofilm development should be made with caution, as biofilm stages that are highly dependent on cell viability, such as detachment, can be both favored or limited by low nutrient loads 67 . P. salmonis biofilms showed higher fluorescence ratios of live-to-dead bacteria during the entire incubation period (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved understanding of biofilm development by Piscirickettsia salmonis reveals potential risks for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis

Levipan

Irgang

Yáñez

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Piscirickettsia salmonis is the causative agent of piscirickettsiosis, a disease with high socioeconomic impacts for Chilean salmonid aquaculture. The identification of major environmental reservoirs for P. salmonis has long been ignored. Most microbial life occurs in biofilms, with possible implications in disease outbreaks as pathogen seed banks. Herein, we report on an in vitro analysis of biofilm formation by P. salmonis Psal-103 (LF-89-like genotype) and Psal-104 (EM-90-like genotype), the aim of which was to gain new insights into the ecological role of biofilms using multiple approaches. The cytotoxic response of the salmon head kidney cell line to P. salmonis showed interisolate differences, depending on the source of the bacterial inoculum (biofilm or planktonic). Biofilm formation showed a variable-length lag-phase, which was associated with wider fluctuations in biofilm viability. Interisolate differences in the lag phase emerged regardless of the nutritional content of the medium, but both isolates formed mature biofilms from 288 h onwards. Psal-103 biofilms were sensitive to Atlantic salmon skin mucus during early formation, whereas Psal-104 biofilms were more tolerant. The ability of P. salmonis to form viable and mucus-tolerant biofilms on plastic surfaces in seawater represents a potentially important environmental risk for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis. Piscirickettsiosis, or salmon rickettsial septicemia, is a fish disease caused by the facultative intracellular bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. First described in relation to the Chilean salmon farming industry 1 , this pathogen has since been reported in North America and Europe 2. A decade ago, P. salmonis was considered an obligate intracellular pathogen 3 , but later research achieved growth on artificial cell-free media 4,5. P. salmonis can survive outside of hosts for a long time as free-living cells, having been detected around salmon farms by qPCR up to 30 days after cage emptying 6 or as a biofilm mode-of-growth in a marine broth medium for 15-30 days 7. Biofilm formation is a multi-step process that involves bacterial attachment to surfaces, microcolony formation, growthdependent maturation, and cell detachment from mature biofilms to colonize new habitats 8. One persisting question is if the survival behavior of P. salmonis as a free-living bacterium is linked with a biofilm lifestyle in marine habitats. Bacterial biofilms are nearly ubiquitous in all major habitats 9 , including some synthetic habitats, such as the "plastisphere" of marine environments 10-12 .

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“…This is particularly important considering that there is more than one way for bacteria to leave the biofilm. In fact, there are at least three types of “escapes” or ways for bacteria to leave the biofilm: desorption, detachment, and dispersion (reviewed in [10]). The transfer of bacteria directly from a substratum to the bulk liquid is known as desorption.…”

Section: Ways To Leave a Biofilmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escaping the biofilm in more than one way: desorption, detachment or dispersion

Petrova

Sauer

2016

Current Opinion in Microbiology

212

163

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Biofilm bacteria have developed escape strategies to avoid stresses associated with biofilm growth, respond to changing environmental conditions, and disseminate to new locations. An ever-expanding body of research suggests that cellular release from biofilms is distinct from a simple reversal of attachment and reversion to a planktonic mode of growth, with biofilm dispersion involving sensing of specific cues, regulatory signal transduction, and consequent physiological alterations. However, dispersion is only one of many ways to escape the biofilm mode of growth. The present review is aimed at distinguishing this active and regulated process of dispersion from the passive processes of desorption and detachment by highlighting the regulatory processes and distinct phenotypes specific to dispersed cells.

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Biofilm Dispersion

Cited by 21 publications

References 84 publications

Influence of incubation conditions on the formation of model biofilms byListeria monocytogenesandSalmonellaTyphimurium on abiotic surfaces

Influence of incubation conditions on the formation of model biofilms byListeria monocytogenesandSalmonellaTyphimurium on abiotic surfaces

Improved understanding of biofilm development by Piscirickettsia salmonis reveals potential risks for the persistence and dissemination of piscirickettsiosis

Escaping the biofilm in more than one way: desorption, detachment or dispersion

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