Biofilm and Urogenital Infections

Tenke, Péter; Köves, Béla; Nagy, K.; Uehara, Shuichiro; Kumon, Hiromi; Hultgren, Scott J.; Hung, Chia-Suei; Mendling, Werner

doi:10.5772/24858

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Kakinoki et al [22] revealed that after the diagnosis of acute calculus pyelonephritis, a significant proportion of patients (25 out of 62) with adequate renal drainage developed septic shock during their clinical course. This may be related with the finding that the bacteria hosted in a biofilm are more resistant to antibacterial agents as compared to cells of the same species isolated from the urine [5,10,12]. Consequently only the urinalysis and sensitivity test may not adequately define the correct antimicrobial treatment and we examined whether the culture of a stent was useful in decision making regarding the optimal therapy in patients with postoperative UTI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this biofilm environment, the bacteria appear to be more resistant to the antimicrobial agents by activating genes associated with their resistance to antibiotics [7]. It is estimated that biofilm microorganisms can survive at a concentration of an antibiotic 1,000-1,500 times greater than the concentration capable of killing their non-adherent biofilm counterparts [10,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By splitting urea to ammonia the urine pH is increased resulting in precipitation of magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite) crystals producing the rough, stone-like surface of the incrusted stents. The presence of an incrusted stent is more frequently associated with poor renal drainage, lower urinary tract symptoms and severe infections such as pyelonephritis and sepsis [5,10,11]. In this biofilm environment, the bacteria appear to be more resistant to the antimicrobial agents by activating genes associated with their resistance to antibiotics [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the aggregation of extracellular molecules produced by the microorganisms along with the host's organic and inorganic substances form the final biofilm structure. In this environment, the bacteria can survive and proliferate protected by the antibacterial factors [5,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is There a Role for Double J Stent Culture in Contemporary Urology?

et al. 2018

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Introduction: To present the incidence of bacterial colonization on ureteral double J stents (DJS); isolate the uropathogens; define the rate of multi-resistant bacteria strains (MRBS) and present their clinical importance. Materials and Methods: The whole body of 105 DJSs was examined for the presence of uropathogens. Results: The main etiology for stent placement was lithiasis (57.1%). The most frequently cultured microorganisms were staphylococcus (28.6%). Forty-four stents hosted MRBS. 25 (23.8%), 10 (9.5%) and 8 (7.6%) of the patients were affected by malignancy, diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure respectively. Apart from the female gender, none of the examined factors (age, duration of stenting and chronic diseases) was correlated with the colonization or the presence of MRBS. Eleven of the 61 stented patients (18%) who were operated upon developed a febrile urinary tract infections (UTI). In 7 of them the stent hosted MRBS (63.6%). After taking into consideration the sensitivity report, we altered our initial empirical antibacterial prophylaxis to targeted antibacterial treatment in the patients with MRBS with rapid remission of their infection and no urosepsis event. Conclusion: The knowledge of bacteriologic flora of DJS can be very helpful in an evidence-based prophylactic and therapeutic practice. Stent examination could be recommended in high-risk cases of developing UTI and sepsis after a urologic operation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is There a Role for Double J Stent Culture in Contemporary Urology?

et al. 2018

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“…Motilitas (perpindahan) pada E. coli secara umum karena adanya disebabkan beberapa flagella peritrikus. Motilitas terlibat dalam proses kolonisasi pada organisme atau organ target inang dan memicu timbulnya kontak antara sel dengan permukaan (Tenke et al, 2011).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

KEMAMPUAN PEMBENTUKAN SLIME PADA Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA DAN Escherichia coli

Purbowati

2017

florea

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Biofilms are an organized community of bacteria, accumulating in polymeric metrics (EPS) or also called slimes, which are produced by the bacteria itself and are able to attach to both life and non-living surfaces. Infections accompanied by biofilm formation are difficult to treat. S. aureus and S. epidermidis is the causative agent of infection in medical implants and nosocomial infections in worldwide. Congo Red Agar (CRA) method as a fairly cheap and easy phenotypic method with evaluation criteria is based on visual analysis of colony color which growing on agar medium. This study aims to identify and analyze the ability of slime formation in S. epidermidis, S. aureus, MRSA and E. coli. The test was performed by planting S. epidermidis, S. aureus (MSSA 1 and MSSA 2), MRSA 1 and E. coli (S4 and S55) which have been rejuvenated to CRA medium in petri dish by streak 4 areas. Incubating for 24 hours at 37 °C under aerobic conditions. Interpretation of the results according to the following provisions: strains produce dark, black, and black colored colonies considered to produce slime, whereas red and reddish colonies are classified as not producing slimes. The conclusions of this study were isolates of S. epidermidis, S. aureus and MRSA known to be able to form slime while E. coli isolate showed varied results.

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Exploiting the antivirulence efficacy of an ajoene-ciprofloxacin combination againstPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilm associated murine acute pyelonephritis

et al. 2016

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The study investigated the in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo efficacy of ajoene and ciprofloxacin (CIP) alone and in combination against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and biofilm-associated murine acute pyelonephritis. The ajoene-CIP combination exhibited significant greater (p < 0.05) antimotility and biofilm inhibitory effects than those obtained when they were applied individually. The combined action of the agents resulted in a significant increase in serum sensitivity and phagocytic uptake and killing of P. aeruginosa (p < 0.001) compared to the untreated control. Mice groups treated with an ajoene (25 mg kg(-1)) and CIP (30 mg kg(-1) or 15 mg kg(-1)) combination showed a significantly (p < 0.001) reduced bacterial load in the kidney and bladder as compared to that of infected controls and mice treated with solo agents on the fifth day post-infection. The decreased levels of biomarkers and photomicrographs of the kidney tissue of the treated mice showed a reduced severity of damage. Hence, the study highlights the antivirulent and therapeutic efficacy of the ajoene-CIP combination at the minimal dosage of CIP.

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Biofilm and Urogenital Infections

Cited by 4 publications

References 77 publications

Is There a Role for Double J Stent Culture in Contemporary Urology?

Is There a Role for Double J Stent Culture in Contemporary Urology?

KEMAMPUAN PEMBENTUKAN SLIME PADA Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA DAN Escherichia coli

Exploiting the antivirulence efficacy of an ajoene-ciprofloxacin combination againstPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilm associated murine acute pyelonephritis

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