Biofabrication of vascularized adipose tissues and their biomedical applications

Abstract

Recent advances in adipose tissue engineering and cell biology have led to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine for adipose tissue reconstruction. To date, the many in...

Hydroxyapatite Nanocoating on Calcium Peroxide Microparticles for Sustained Oxygen Release

“…In addition to NHDF, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (Figure c), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) (Figure d), and HepG2 (Figure e) cells were also cultured with oxygen-releasing hydrogels under a hypoxic condition. Although the ADSC is often used for regenerative medicine of adipose tissue reconstruction, transplantation of adipose tissues is unsuitable for tissue reconstruction as the lack of blood vessels results in inadequate nutrient and oxygen delivery, leading to necrosis in situ . The oxygen-releasing hydrogel including 2.5 mg mL –1 HAp-CaO 2 showed increased mitochondrial activity to 563% for MSC, 164% for ADSC, and 920% for HepG2.…”

“…Although the ADSC is often used for regenerative medicine of adipose tissue reconstruction, transplantation of adipose tissues is unsuitable for tissue reconstruction as the lack of blood vessels results in inadequate nutrient and oxygen delivery, leading to necrosis in situ. 50 The oxygen-releasing hydrogel including 2.5 mg mL −1 HAp-CaO 2 showed increased mitochondrial activity to 563% for MSC, 164% for ADSC, and 920% for HepG2. These differences in mitochondrial activity are probably because of the differences in oxygen utilization for each cell.…”

Adipose tissue reconstruction facilitated with low immunogenicity decellularized adipose tissue scaffolds

“…In addition, the vasculature of the surrounding tissue does not maintain an active state for a long period of time [19]. Studies have shown that the ECM of each tissue has its own unique components and is involved in regulating cell behavior [4], tissue specificity has potential advantages in maintaining specific cellular functions and phenotypes [34], and no natural or man-made material can summarize all the characteristics of the natural extracellular matrix [35]. In the case of commercially available dermal decellularized extracellular matrix as an example, in addition to the difference in composition between it and DAT, the latter has a better role in promoting cell migration and maturation [27].…”

“…Therefore, maintenance of the phenotype of mature adipocytes and the concurrent use of a bioactive filling are important for later implantation. Engineered adipose substitutes capable of imparting mechanical support and relative function to soft tissues are valuable in adipose tissue reconstruction [3,4].…”

“…Studies have shown that derivatives of adipose tissues such as decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds, preadipocytes, and adipose-derived stem cells could be engineered in the desired manner for use in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and other fields [21]. Developments such as regenerative medicine have made it possible to construct tissues and organs in vitro as well as three-dimensional models that can be used for transplantation in vivo [4]. Herein, a 3D adipose-like tissue models were established using DAT scaffolds and preadipocytes, and the lipogenic effect of 3D culture was further investigated.…”